introduction hydrops fetalis is a serious condition in fetal period, characterized by the presence of serous fluid accumulation in at least two potential spaces in fetus including pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, and ascites. the incidence of hydrops fetalis is one per 2500-3000 pregnancies. this condition is followed by different diseases. fetal hemolytic anemia and its hypoxemia due to...

On the assumption that antibody is added to virus particles in a stepwise manner and that the reaction follows the law of mass action, a theoretical equation for the equilibrium state of virus neutralization reactions has been deduced. The theory has been found to be in reasonable accord with the available data for the neutralization of bacterial viruses and can be applied also to data for the ...

1. When vaccine virus and its specific antiserum are brought together, no evidence of stable union between them can be determined by the experimental methods employed. 2. A definite relationship exists between the degree of dilution of a neutral vaccine virus-antiserum mixture and the size of the lesion produced by endermic inoculation of rabbits of any given dilution.

The immune elimination of soluble BSA, following an intravenous injection, is accompanied by the appearance of circulating antigen-antibody complexes. The pattern of the appearance of circulating antigen-antibody complexes and the immune elimination of antigen probably depends on the amount of antigen injected, the rate of antibody synthesis, and perhaps, the quality of antibody produced. There...

Three commercial latex kits, IBL, MYCO-Immune, and IMMY, for the detection of cryptococcal antigen were compared in regard to sensitivity, specificity, and height of antigen titers. A total of 218 cerebrospinal fluid and 79 serum specimens from 239 patients were included. Twenty-two patients had culture-proven disseminated cryptococcosis. Both the IBL and MYCO-Immune kits had sensitivities of 1...

Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is a common cause of anemia in dogs. The immune aggression towards erythrocytes can be triggered by many pathological conditions such as infection, inflammatory disease or neoplasia. Upon ruling out any eliciting conditions, a diagnosis of the primary immune-mediated disease can be made. In this particular case of severe anemia (tested positive for circul...

Soluble antibody/3H-double-stranded PM2 DNA (dsDNA) immune complexes were briefly opsonized with complement and then allowed to bind to human erythrocytes (via complement receptors). The cells were washed and subsequently a volume of autologous blood in a variety of media was added, and the release of the bound immune complexes from the erythrocytes was studied as a function of temperature and ...

Our recent determination of the complete antigenic structure of native lysozyme was made possible by our introduction of the "surface simulation" synthetic concept. The remarkable success afforded by this strategy in the synthetic construction of antigenic sites prompted us to investigate whether it can be applied to mimic antibody-combining sites. Two peptides, designed to be complementary to ...