The normal incidence of metastasis was determined in 207 C3H/He and 42 C3Hf/He mice with spontaneous mammary tumors. The effects of early versus delayed surgical removal of the tumors on the incidence of metastasis were studied in the C3H/He mice. The presence of metastases was determined by histological examination, primarily of the lungs. The incidence of metastasis was proportional to the si...

Abstract Immunogenic protein drugs trigger an anti-drug antibody (ADA) response in patients which reduces drug efficacy and increases adverse reactions. Our lab has previously shown that targeting antigen to the liver microenvironment can reduce antigen-specific T cell responses; herein, we present a novel strategy further increase delivery of tolerogenic via conjugation synthetic mannose polym...

Breast cancer is an immunogenic tumor. Over the last decade, investigations have shown that patients with breast cancer have pre-existent immune responses, both humoral and cellular, against a variety of proteins expressed in their tumors. Researchers using genomic and proteomic techniques have defined dozens of proteins that may serve as immunologic targets in breast cancer patients. In additi...

Genetic modification of many types of mouse tumors to express the B7-1 or B7-2 molecules, natural ligands for the T cell-costimulatory molecule CD28, increases their immunogenicity. However, even after transfection with the B7-1 and/or B7-2 genes, poorly immunogenic tumors fail to elicit and efficient immune response. We report here that two such tumors, the Ag104A sarcoma and the K1735-M2 mela...

Dendritic cells (DC) are the only hematopoietic cells expressing the epithelial specific Ets transcription factor ESE-3. Here we analyzed presence and quantity of isoforms ESE-3a, ESE-3b and ESE-3j in various immunogenic and tolerogenic human monocyte-derived DC (moDC) and blood DC populations using quantitative real time PCR and immunoblot analyses. ESE-3a and ESE-3b were detectable in all moD...