A point prevalence survey among 125 patients in two units of a rehabilitation facility showed that the physical restraint rate was 12.8% (n=16). The survey examined the reason(s) for restraint use, whether its use had been explained, consent obtained and documented, whether the restraint had been appropriately applied and patients monitored during the period when restraint was applied, and whet...

Studies indicate that various measures of dietary restraint show inconsistent relations to bulimic symptomatology. The present study tested the assertion that this is because the scales differ in the extent to which they reflect the success or failure of dietary efforts. This study also tested the competing hypothesis that criterion confounding of the Restraint Scale produced the inconsistent f...

This study sought to examine the complex interactive impact of major stress and minor stressors on the relation between dietary restraint and binge eating. Participants were 497 undergraduate females who completed an online questionnaire that included measures of binge eating (modified version of the bulimia scale of the Eating Disorder Inventory-2; EDI-2), major life stressors (the Social Read...

Stress induced analgesia (SIA) is well known, but the reverse phenomenon, hyperalgesia is poorly documented. This study investigated the role of the histaminergic system in restraint stress hyperalgesia in rats, using thermal stimulation method (hot plate and tail flick tests). Paw licking and tail withdrawal latencies were taken before and after restraint for about one hour. Significant decrea...

OBJECTIVE Recent research offers conflicting views of whether women high in dietary restraint are inspired or demoralized after viewing thin-ideal images. We conducted two studies to explore the impact of diet commercials featuring the thin-ideal image on snack food consumption. METHOD In Study 1, 91 high school women watched a sad movie interrupted with diet or neutral commercials. In Study ...

OBJECTIVE While high levels of dietary restraint do not appear to reflect actual caloric restraint, it has been found to be a risk factor for a wide array of maladaptive eating patterns. These findings raise the question what, if not caloric restriction, dietary restraint entails. We propose that the very finding that restrained eaters do not eat less than they intend to do can provide an answe...

Police officers commonly encounter violent individuals in their line of duty, with the use of physical restraint sometimes being necessary. A major criticism of previous studies of the effect of restraint on cardiac and pulmonary function has been that they have only recruited young healthy adults. This study aims to assess the cardiopulmonary effects of restraint positioning in individuals wit...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the attitudes of nursing staff towards restraint measures and restraint use in nursing home residents, and to investigate if these attitudes are influenced by country of residence and individual characteristics of nursing staff. METHODS A questionnaire on attitudes regarding restraints (subscales: reasons, consequences, and appropriateness of restraint use) and opinio...

OBJECTIVE To assess the success of recent outreach activities to promote appropriate child restraint in motor vehicles by examining trends in restraint types used by children under age 9 in 3 large regions of the United States. METHODS Cross-sectional study was conducted of children who were under age 9 and in crashes of insured vehicles in 15 states, with data collected via insurance claims ...