Background: Infertility affects 15% of couples around the world. Male factor accounts for 40-50% of conjugal infertility. cAMP responsive element modulator (CREM) is a key factor in the regulation of the expression of number of postmeiotic genes that control spermatogenesis. Aloe vera is a medicinal plant used to treat several diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of Al...

Background: Sickle cell anemia is relatively common in Khuzestan province located in Southwest Iran. The characteristics of sickle cell disease in Iran are apparently different from other regions some of these characteristics might be related to β-chain haplotypes. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of β-chain haplotypes in 50 patients with homozygous sickle cell anemia in...

Jasmonates are plant signalling molecules that play key roles in defence against insects and certain pathogens, among others by controlling the biosynthesis of protective secondary metabolites. In Catharanthus roseus, the AP2/ERF-domain transcription factor ORCA3 controls the jasmonate-responsive expression of several genes encoding enzymes involved in terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthesis. OR...

background: little is understood about the regulation of gene expression during early goat embryo development. this study investigated the expression profile of 19 genes, known to be critical for early embryo development in mouse and human, at five different stages of goat in vitro embryo development (oocyte, 8-16 cell, morula, day-7 blastocyst, and day 14 blastocyst). materials and methods: st...

Background: Dopa-responsive dystonia associated with mutations in the GCH1 gene (DYT5) is classically described as autosomal dominant but rare cases recessive inheritance have been reported. The (AD) form characterized by a childhood onset and predominates females. It usually starts gait disturbance foot (segmental dystonia) fluctuation of symptoms during day, parkinsonism can be present. treat...

Direct bacterial conversion of the hemicellulose fraction of hardwoods and crop residues to biobased products depends upon extracellular depolymerization of methylglucuronoxylan (MeGAX(n)), followed by assimilation and intracellular conversion of aldouronates and xylooligosaccharides to fermentable xylose. Paenibacillus sp. strain JDR-2, an aggressively xylanolytic bacterium, secretes a multimo...

introduction: streptomyces species are mycelial, aerobic gram-positive bacteria that are isolated from soil and produce a diverse range of antibiotics. streptomyces griseus produces the antibiotic, streptomycin and forms spores even in a liquid culture. the gene cluster for the production of streptomycin antibiotic contains strr gene that encodes strr, a pathway-specific regulator. then, this p...