Due to the increase of choices relative to antifungals, there is a need to improve the standardization of in vitro methods used to determine the antifungal susceptibility of fungal pathogens. Our study evaluated the in vitro susceptibility of filamentous fungi isolated from patients with toenail onychomycosis against itraconazole, ciclopirox, eberconazole, fluconazole and terbinafine. The minim...

With the increase in invasive fungal infections due to Candida species and resistance to antifungal therapy, in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing is becoming an important part of clinical microbiology laboratories. Along with broth microdilution and disk diffusion method, various commercial methods are being increasingly used for antifungal susceptibility testing, especially in the develo...

We conducted in vitro experiments to evaluate the susceptibility of a clinical isolate of Cryptococcus neoformans to a wide range of concentrations of fluconazole. In vitro susceptibility was tested using broth macrodilution methods modified to provide a numeric count of viable organisms. The association between the quantitative in vitro response and fluconazole drug concentrations was estimate...

background metallo-beta-lactamase (mbl) producing pseudomonas aeruginosa in the burn patients is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality and remains a serious health concern among the clinicians. objectives the aim of this study was to detect mbl-producing p. aeruginosa in burn patients and determine multidrug-resistant (mdr) strains, and respective resistance patterns. patients and methods ...

Historically, the use of animals for research has been important in the biomedical sciences and in the field of toxicology, but there are ethical obligations on the scientific community to follow the Three Rs of animal experimentation1 (i.e. Refinement, Reduction and Replacement), whenever it is feasible. There are also scientific, economic and regulatory restrictions, as well as societal conce...

In vitro susceptibility testing of Fusarium is becoming increasingly important because of frequency and diversity of infections and because resistance profiles are species-specific. Reference methods for antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) are those of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility (EUCAST), but breakpoints (BPs) h...

A total of 385 urine specimens from suspected urinary tract infections were subjected to bacteriological analysis and susceptibility testing at a major university hospital laboratory in Tehran. A battery of eight beta-Iactam antibiotics, commonly prescribed in Iran, and three third-generation cephalosporins (ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and ceftizoxime) that are usually reserved for limited us...