To reveal contributions of different subdivisions of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) to visuomotor behavior, segments of either layer A or the C layers were inactivated with microinjections of gamma-aminobutyric acid while cats made saccades to retinally stabilized spots of light placed either in affected regions of visual space or mirror-symmetric locations in the opposite hemifield. Inac...

Neurons are flexible electrophysiological entities in which the distribution and properties of ionic channels control their behaviors. Through simultaneous somatic and axonal whole-cell recording of layer 5 pyramidal cells, we demonstrate a remarkable differential expression of slowly inactivating K(+) currents. Depolarizing the axon, but not the soma, rapidly activated a low-threshold, slowly ...

Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is a copper-dependent amine oxidase that plays a critical role in pulmonary fibrosis. Our previous study demonstrated that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was strongly associated with paraquat (PQ) induced pulmonary fibrosis. This present study was aimed to evaluate the potential involvement of LOX on EMT in the process of pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ. We esta...

We have inactivated, by gene targeting, the endogenous (2-microglobulin gene in a mouse embryonic stem cell line. A cloned fragment of the fi2-microglobulin gene with the coding sequence disrupted by the insertion of the neomycinresistance gene was used to transfect the embryonic stem cells. G418-resistant colonies were selected and then screened using the polymerase chain reaction to identify ...

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is the central regulator of gonadotropins, which stimulate gonadal function. Hypothalamic neurons that produce kisspeptin and neurokinin B stimulate GnRH release. Inactivating mutations in the genes encoding the human kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R, formerly called GPR54), neurokinin B (TAC3), and the neurokinin B receptor (TACR3) result in pubertal failure. H...

Copper is a useful material to show the high electric conductivity, heat conductivity and, antibacterial and virus inactivating effects. A blue diode laser with wavelength of 450 nm one suitable lasers for copper processing. High intensity precision materials processing technology using were developed. power 200 W was applied selective melting additive manufacturing. coating on stainless steel ...