نتایج جستجو برای: income groups
تعداد نتایج: 821544 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Using transnational terrorism data from 1980 to 2000, this study empirically examines the relationships between frequency of participation in transnational terrorism acts and economic development and education improvement. We find an inverse U-shaped association between the frequency of various nationals acting as perpetrators in transnational terrorism acts and per capita income in their respe...
One typically observes differing trends in the distribution of gross incomes across countries. Where do these inequalities originate from? We consider a simple model where individuals have identical preferences but different abilities, and we investigate the impact on the distribution of gross income of changes in the way abilities are distributed among the individuals. Journal of Economic Lite...
We use a firm-CEO assignment framework to model the market for CEO effective labor. In the model’s equilibrium more talented CEOs match with and supply more effort to larger firms. Taxation of CEO incomes affects the equilibrium pricing of CEO effective labor and, hence, spills over and affects firm profits. Absent the ability to tax profits or a direct concern for firm owners, a standard presc...
Income inequality undermines societies: The more inequality, the more health problems, social tensions, and the lower social mobility, trust, life expectancy. Given people's tendency to legitimate existing social arrangements, the stereotype content model (SCM) argues that ambivalence-perceiving many groups as either warm or competent, but not both-may help maintain socio-economic disparities. ...
Objectives: The main objective of the paper is finding solution to make selfhelp group's performance better in Behzisti organization. Recently empowerment theory is replaced the social policy theories. Empowerment has five dimensions: income, accessibility, consciousness, control and participation. All of the dimensions are important and ought to be actualized. But based on the idea of the...
This paper shows that growth and income distribution dynamics are closely linked through occupation, financial intermediation, and education, using the micro data from Thailand. The compositional change of these characteristics accounts for half of the Thai inequality increase and forty percent of the Thai growth and poverty reduction during 1976-1996. Financial deepening and educational expans...
Abstract This study reviews the direct and indirect effects of higher energy and bread prices (due to removing their subsidies and paying their equivalent in cash instead). Therefore, all consumer goods were classified into 6 groups and a linear expenditure system was estimated based on households’ budget data of 2009 and 2011 for urban and rural areas separately. The results indicate that hi...
This paper analyses distributional effects of revenue-neutral tax reforms aimed at improving dietary quality and encouraging healthier grain consumption. Using data on household grain purchases, we analyse both the impact on dietary quality and the tax incidence among income groups of VAT reforms and excise duty reforms. The VAT reforms include subsidies of healthy products (products labelled w...
BACKGROUND Targeted food pricing policies may improve population diets. To assess their effects on inequalities, it is important to determine responsiveness to price changes across income levels and ethnic groups. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to estimate price elasticity (PE) values for major commonly consumed food groups in New Zealand, by income and ethnicity. PE values represent percentage chang...
Introduction: Socioeconomic status (SES) indicators are among the main social determinants of health and illness. Less, however, is known about the role of SES in the epidemiology of polypharmacy in immigrant Latino Americans living in the United States. This research studied the association between three SES indicators, education, income, and employment, and polypharmacy in ol...
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