Current-generation CT scanners enable the visualization in vivo of structures and substructures that were previously unobservable. Certainly the orbit and optic nerve/sheath complex have demonstrated a great number of pathologic and normal anatomic variations. It has been found in patients with elevated intracranial pressure that what was previously thought to be simple papilledema in fact mask...

UNLABELLED Positive intrathoracic pressure may cause hemodynamic changes, which can be transmitted to the cranial compartment, changing intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure. This can be increased when high positive end-expiratory pressure values are used. OBJECTIVE To measure the impact of different positive end-expiratory pressure levels on intracranial pressure, cerebral pe...

conclusions although propofol remains a standard agent for such types of surgeries, lidocaine proved equally effective and coupled with its low cost, minimal side effects and omission of other hypnotic agents was a plausible induction agent and a maintenance drug in the selected cases. case presentation lidocaine was applied as the sole anaesthetic for induction and maintenance during aneurysm ...