aim and background: mood disorders are a significant group of psychiatric disorders. bipolar spectrum disorders are mood disorders that usually remain unrecognized and subsequently undertreated. one of the most useful screening instruments for underdiagnosed bipolar disorders is the mood disorder questionnaire (mdq). this paper presented the persian version and psychometric properties of mdq fo...

Early life adversities are risk factors for later mood and emotional disorders. Repeated separation of infant marmosets from their parents provides a validated primate model of depression vulnerability, producing in-vivo biochemical and behavioural effects indicative of persistently altered stress reactivity and mild anhedonia. Here we report the long-term effect (in adolescence) of this interv...

Research from the University of Florida Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention aims to develop neurobiological measures that objectively discriminate among symptom patterns in patients with anxiety disorders. From this perspective, anxiety and mood pathologies are considered to be brain disorders, resulting from dysfunction and maladaptive plasticity in the neural circuits that determine...

Longitudinal data from 290 firefighters who had completed questionnaires 4, 11, and 29 months after exposure to a natural disaster were used to examine the role of intrusive and distressing memories in the etiology of posttraumatic stress disorder. At 42 months, all those who were at risk of having developed a psychiatric disorder (N = 113) and a randomly selected comparison group (N = 34) who ...

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, recurrent mood disorder, associated with a significant morbidity and mortality, with high rates of suicides and medical comorbidities. There is a high risk of mood disorders among the first-degree relatives of patients with BD. In the current clinical practice, the diagnosis of BD is made by history taking, interview and behavioural observations, thereby lacki...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of the prevalence rating of depression in nursing homes as flagged on the Minimum Data Set (MDS) quality indicator report. DESIGN AND METHODS Research Staff measured depression symptoms and compared the results with the prevalence of disturbed mood symptoms documented by nursing home (NH) staff on the MDS in two samples of reside...

Organophosphate (OP) compounds, including paraoxon (POX), are similar to nerve agents such as sarin. There is a growing concern that OP agents could be weaponized to cause mass civilian causalities. We have developed a rodent survival model of POX toxicity that is being used to evaluate chronic morbidity and to screen for medical countermeasures against severe OP exposure. It is well known that...

We report three experiments to test the possibilities reasoners think about when they understand a conditional of the form 'A only if B' compared to 'if A then B'. The experiments examine conditionals in the indicative mood (e.g., A occurred only if B occurred) and counterfactuals in the subjunctive mood (A would have occurred only if B had occurred). The first experiment examines the conjuncti...

This paper shows how the measurement of population happiness can inform public policy. In this context happiness refers to mood happiness, commonly referred to as Subjective Wellbeing (SWB). The essential character of SWB is that it is normally positive. It is held to be positive by a management system called SWB Homeostasis. If this management system fails, due to the balance of challenges to ...