Bacteria- and virus-containing aerosols were studied during the late summer and fall seasons in a midwestern suburb of the United States before and during the start-up and operation of an unenclosed activated sludge wastewater treatment plant. The study showed that the air in this suburban area contained low-level densities of indicator microorganisms. After the plant began operating, the densi...

BACKGROUND Bacteria used as indicators for pathogenic microorganisms in water are not considered adequate as enteric virus indicators. Surface water from a tropical high-altitude system located in Mexico City that receives rainwater, treated and non-treated wastewater used for irrigation, and groundwater used for drinking, was studied. METHODS The presence of enterovirus, rotavirus, astroviru...

Microbial infection is a critical source of mortality for early life stages of oviparous vertebrates, but parental defenses against infection are less well known. Avian incubation has been hypothesized to reduce the risk of trans-shell infection by limiting microbial growth of pathogenic bacteria on eggshells, while enhancing growth of commensal or beneficial bacteria that inhibit or competitiv...

A sanitary indicator has been proposed to gather informations about the presence of CFU (colony forming units) of bacteria capable of causing hemolysis of sheep blood cells, known as hemolytic bacteria, in a sewage sludge sample. A group of hemolytic, heterotrophic bacteria, which are differentiated in terms of their phenotypes and genotypes, includes many species and types. As follows from lit...

because of inhibitory effect, selected probiotic lactobacilli may be used as biological preservative, so, the aim of this study was to present some data on lactobacillus as probiotic bacteria. lactic acid bacteria were isolated from sausage. each isolate of lactobacillus species was identified by biochemical tests and comparing their sugar fermentation pattern. antibacterial activities were don...

The efficiency of plating of phages derived by ultraviolet induction of, or by lytic growth on, certain strains of Streptococcus cremoris was found to vary by as much as 10 depending on the lactose concentration of the medium in which the indicator bacteria were grown and the length of time the stationary-phase indicator cultures were aged. This effect was noted only when the culture was used a...

Volunteer studies with Vibrio cholerae O1 have shown that the best correlate of a vaccine's protective efficacy is its propensity to elicit serum bactericidal responses in its recipients. Attempts to detect such responses following infection with V. cholerae O139, however, have met with varying success. Using a tube-based assay which involves viable counting, we now report that strains of serog...

When bacterial pathogens from livestock contaminate drinking water supplies, they can cause different forms of gastroenteritis. The objective of this study was to enumerate the concentrations of fecal indicator (Escherichia coli and enterococci) in surface water in order to determine removal efficiency by sand filtration. The concentrations of different indicator bacterial species were determin...