The ability of a machine to interpret handwritten characters from sources like paper document, photograph, etc. to some editable computerized form is the first and foremost aim of handwritten character recognition systems. Several challenges are there to construct this kind of systems, including the tasks eg. Digitization, segmentation, normalization, feature extraction, reorganization, and rec...

This study examined the role of output-first presentation of vocabulary tasks in noticing lexical items and enhancing vocabulary knowledge of EFL learners. The participants were 103 elementary level female Iranian EFL learners who were randomly divided into three groups: input-only, inputoutput, and output-input groups. After all participants took a placement test and a vocabulary pretest, the ...

Differential privacy has become a primary standard for protecting individual data while supporting flexible data analysis. Despite the adoption of differential privacy to a wide variety of applications and tasks, visualizing the output of differentially private algorithms has rarely been considered. Visualization is one of the primary means by which humans understand and explore an unknown data...

The success of deep learning in many real-world tasks has triggered an intense effort to understand the power and limitations training generalization complex tasks, so far with limited progress. In this work, we study statistical mechanics Deep Linear Neural Networks (DLNNs) which input-output function individual unit is linear. Despite linearity units, DLNNs nonlinear, hence studying its prope...

The goal of the present research is to understand individual differences and growth of children's and adolescents' performance on two spatial tasks through a formal model framework. In Study 1, 579 subjects aged 7-16 years old drew lines to represent their water-level task predictions for eight tilted rectangular vessels. In the verticality task, called the "van task," subjects drew lines repre...

The object of this study is an approach to solving the problems designing service-oriented networks that warn about emergencies using dynamic programming. main issue complexity algorithmization processes describe achievement optimal solution in multi-stage nonlinear problems. possibilities applying Bellman optimality principle for set tasks purpose their application field engineering and techno...