OBJECTIVE The Child-Adult Medical Procedure Interaction Scale-Infant Version (CAMPIS-IV) was used to examine the influence of adult and infant behaviors on infant distress following injections. METHODS In this naturalistic observation study, videotaped interactions of 49 infants, parents, and nurses were coded using the CAMPIS-IV. A series of three lag sequential analyses were used to examine...

Abstract Infants’ social touch with caregivers has been considered a means of regulating infant physiological and emotional state. In non-human mammals, such regulatory function also facilitates exploration behavior. However, the types in human mother–infant interaction that contribute to specific behavioral responses toward people objects remain unclear. Using pre- post-task design, this study...

A microanalysis of 4-month mother-infant face-to-face communication revealed a fine-grained specification of communication processes that predicted 12-month insecure attachment outcomes, particularly resistant and disorganized classifications. An urban community sample of 84 dyads were videotaped at 4 months during a face-to-face interaction, and at 12 months during the Ainsworth Strange Situat...

In this paper, we present recent developments in the characterizat ion of healthy and pathologic cries of newborns. We have identified and quantified acoustic characteristics that appear the most relevant in differentiating between pathological and healthy cries; such as fundamental frequency (F0), irregularity of F0 and presence of hyper-phonic modes. The results obtained are very encouraging,...

Recent studies of naturally occurring infant abuse and neglect in groupliving monkeys have provided some insights into the potential causes and consequences of these phenomena. Infant abandonment by monkey mothers in suboptimal conditions for reproduction and parental investment suggests that neglect, at least in its most extreme forms, may be an adaptive behavior. In contrast, several lines of...

In Cambridge, between 1979 and 1988, the prevalence of low gestation (less than 37 or less than 33 weeks) was not increased in 362 children under 6 years presenting to casualty with fractures compared with that in 362 children presenting without fractures or in all inborn surviving babies. These data are relevant to the assessment of suspected child abuse after preterm birth.

In nonhuman primates and humans, similar to other mammals, hormones are not strictly necessary for the expression of maternal behavior, but nevertheless influence variation in maternal responsiveness and parental behavior both within and between individuals. A growing number of correlational and experimental studies have indicated that high circulating estrogen concentrations during pregnancy i...

Adult male Tibetan (Macaca thibetana), Barbary (M. sylvanus), and stump-tailed macaques (M. arctoides) engage in bridging, a ritualized infant-handling behavior. Previous researchers found a bias toward the use of male infants for this behavior, but its function is debated. Explanations include three hypotheses: paternal care, mating effort, and agonistic buffering. We studied a group of habitu...

Starting at infancy and continuing throughout adult life, huddling is a major component of the behavioral repertoire of Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus). Huddling behavior maintains the cohesion of litters throughout early life, and in adulthood, it remains a consistent feature of social behavior of R. norvegicus. During infancy, rats have severely limited sensorimotor capabilities, and yet they...