Although there is significant evidence of inflation (a period of rapid expansion of the early universe), a definitive model of the epoch has not yet been widely accepted. A variety of models exist which describe this period; however, current technology cannot adequately measure several key factors that would demonstrate the veracity of these models. A major differentiator between classes of mod...

In his article, "Translation Studies, Cultural Context, and Dante," Reuven Tsur explores limits of legitimacy in translation studies. Tsur's approach is a critique of the theoretical assumptions and their application in Edoardo Crisafulli's cultural interpretation of Seamus Heaney's decisions in translating the Ugolino episode in Dante's Inferno. Crisafulli claims that Heaney's choices show int...

G Doré, born in Strasbourg, France, in 1832, was one of the most prodigious artists of the 19th century. According to Dan Malan, one of his biographers, his nearly 10,000 engravings and 3,000 book editions made him the most prolific and popular illustrator of all time. Doré also produced around 400 oil paintings as well as watercolor landscapes, mixed media sketches, and sculptures. According t...

How much can you change a document before it is a different document? Why do we never change an automobile’s vehicle identification number? Why do we talk of each human being as having a single identity from before birth until after she has decayed in the grave, even though we would not recognize the 60-year old from her baby picture? Why do we have proper names for some entities, but not for m...

The final voyage of Ulysses, which is recounted by the Greek hero in the eighth bolgia of Dante’s Inferno, has given rise to much critical debate. An authoritative reading of the episode has been difficult to establish because Ulysses’ monologue appears detached from its context. This occurs as a result of the grandeur of the hero, but also because the voyage seems to have very little in common...

The formation and evolution of galaxies have proved sensitive to the inclusion stellar feedback, which is therefore crucial any successful galaxy model. We present INFERNO, a new model for hydrodynamic simulations galaxies, incorporates resolved objects with star-by-star calculations when where injection enriched material, momentum, energy takes place. INFERNO treats early kinematics include ph...