Through numerous epidemiological cohort studies, important cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, hyperand dyslipidaemias, type 2 diabetes, obesity (particularly central obesity), physical inactivity and some psychosocial factors have been identified. Based on regression models taking into account age, sex and common risk factors, various risk scores have been developed to a...

n engl j med 369;8 nejm.org august 22, 2013 754 This Journal feature begins with a case vignette that includes a therapeutic recommendation. A discussion of the clinical problem and the mechanism of benefit of this form of therapy follows. Major clinical studies, the clinical use of this therapy, and potential adverse effects are reviewed. Relevant formal guidelines, if they exist, are presente...

Nowadays, there is a growing interest in using saliva as an alternative sample for the diagnosis, prediction and progression of several diseases. It has been established that some molecules found in saliva are related to oral inflammatory processes and systemic health status. Furthermore, it is known that saliva is crucial for the carrying out of different functions in the oral cavity and its r...

The Salmon in Pregnancy Study investigated whether the increased consumption of (n-3) long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) from farmed Atlantic salmon affects immune function during pregnancy and atopic disease in neonates compared with a habitual diet low in oily fish. In this context, because the ingestion of (n-3) LC-PUFA may lower the concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers, we investigated whether ...

Background Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been related to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus. We sought to investigate the binding capacity of sevelamer to both AGEs and uremic serum in vitro and then test this pharmaceutical effect as a potential vascular anti-inflammatory strategy. Methods AGEs were prepared by ...

BACKGROUND Measurements of pulmonary biomarkers can be used to monitor airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the variability of sampled biomarkers and their inter-relationships are poorly understood. A study was undertaken to examine the intra- and inter-patient variability in spontaneous sputum samples from patients in the stable state and to describe the rel...

INTRODUCTION The low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance are two events that could be present in varying degrees, on obesity and chronic diseases. The degree of subclinical inflammation can be gauged by measuring the concentrations of some inflammatory biomarkers, including the hepatic origin ones. Some of those biomarkers are sialic acid, α1-antitrypsin and the C-terminal fragment of alp...