abstract the impact of rainfall and light interception by litter on maintenance of surface soil water content is determined in an arid rangeland in khabr national park in south-east of iran. litter weight sampling is done by 90 square plots, each 1 m2, that are randomly placed within site. after determining the intensity of a typical storm of the region (20 mm/h), the rainfall duration required...

the oil and protein content of three varieties of water melon seeds namely, chillian black, dixy queen and charlston gray were determined. the soluble proteins were studied and measured by paper chromatography and amino acid analyzer. the results indicated that oil content of the seeds was 43, 53 and 45% and protein content was 27, 23, and 34% respectively. the soluble proteins contained all th...

All plants must optimize their growth with finite resources. Water use efficiency (WUE) measures the relationship between biomass acquisition and transpired water. In the present study, we performed two experiments to understand the genetic basis of WUE and other parameters of plant-water interaction under control and water-limited conditions. Our study used two inbred natural accessions of Bra...

Simplified asymptotic models are developed to investigate tropical–extratropical interactions. Two kinds of interactions are illustrated in the model: (i) MJO initiation through extraction of energy from barotropic Rossby waves and (ii) MJO termination via energy transfer to extratropical Rossby waves. A new feature, in comparison to previous simplified models, is that here these waves interact...

A double layer shallow water model is established, departing from 3D Euler incompressible equations with free surface. On the one hand, the model is augmented with curl, as a new unknown. A result of existence and uniqueness is proved for a smooth initial condition (i.e. in Sobolev spaces) using criteria from [2]. On the other hand, the system without curl is considered. In order to treat more ...

BACKGROUND Soil water and nitrogen (N) are considered to be the main environmental factors limiting plant growth and photosynthetic capacity. However, less is known about the interactive effects of soil water and N on tree growth and photosynthetic response in the temperate ecosystem. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We applied N and water, alone and in combination, and investigated the combined ef...

In an attempt to understand the initial stage of seed imbibition-the wetting stage-we have examined water binding in dry soybean cotyledon tissue using water sorption isotherm curves. The sorption isotherms show three levels of water affinity: a region of strongly bound water at moisture contents below 8%, a region of weakly bound water at moisture contents between 8 and 24%, and a region of ve...

Prediction method for undrained shear behaviour of unsaturated soils is discussed in this paper. Based on Original Cam Clay model, authors have proposed constitutive model for unsaturated soils that the effect of water content is incorporated into superloading surface concept. Firstly, stress path of constant volume shear test is formulated under constant void ratio condition. And relationship ...