Abstract Peers, particularly in-school peers, shape adolescent health behaviors. Yet little is known about peers and self-injurious thoughts This systematic review examined studies of sociometric school-based peer-friendship networks associations with A search across five databases identified fifteen eligible studies. Studies were mainly longitudinal (n=13), from two countries (USA China), adol...

The aim of this paper is to review recent literature on suicide and self-injury in eating disorders (ED) including anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED). Among psychiatric diagnoses, EDs are associated with increased mortality rates, even when specialized treatment is available. Of the mortalities that are reported in individuals with EDs, suicide is among...

The literature on self-injurious behavior suggests five major hypotheses concerning the motivation of such behavior: (a) self-injurious behavior is a learned operant, maintained by positive social reinforcement (positive reinforcement hypothesis); (b) self-injurious behavior is a learned operant, maintained by the termination of an aversive stimulus (negative reinforcement hypothesis) ; (c) sel...

The opioid hypothesis suggests that childhood autism may result from excessive brain opioid activity during neonatal period which may constitutionally inhibit social motivation, yielding autistic isolation and aloofness (Panksepp, 1979). This hypothesis has now received strong support and is currently based on three types of arguments: (1) similarity between autistic symptomatology and abnormal...

Objective This study examined the relationship between explicit and implicit measures of hopelessness self-injurious behavior (defined here as self-harming or suicidal actions thoughts). Method A community sample 267 participants completed (Beck's Hopelessness Scale a Feeling Thermometer), an measure (Hopelessness Implicit Association Test), self-report their history behavior. Results The resul...

We examined whether nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is associated with academic performance in college freshmen, using census-based web surveys (N = 7,527; response = 65.4%). NSSI was assessed with items from the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview and subsequently linked with the administratively recorded academic year percentage (AYP). Freshmen with lifetime and 12-month NSSI showe...