This study aimed to reduce the holistic environmental impacts of insulation materials proposed for accommodation a marine cargo ship, and suggest optimal option cleaner ship production, using life cycle assessment. With commercial bulk carrier as case three major insulations were assessed, which wool-based material (mineral wool or glass wool), expanded polystyrene, polyurethane foam. The analy...

1.1 The computer programs included in this practice provide a calculational procedure for predicting the heat loss or gain and surface temperatures of insulated pipe or equipment systems. This procedure is based upon an assumption of a uniform insulation system structure, that is, a straight run of pipe or flat wall section insulated with a uniform density insulation. Questions of applicability...

Development of the power grid towards a more reliable and smarter system requires frequent on-line monitoring of the power components. Power transformers and their bushings are particularly important components in a power transmission system and their insulation degradation may lead to catastrophic failures. Time consuming and costly replacement of these components raise the importance of their...

The condition of the internal cellulosic paper and oil insulation are of concern for the performance of power transformers. Over the years, a number of methods have been developed to diagnose and monitor the degradation/aging of the transformer internal insulation system. Some of this degradation/aging can be assessed from electrical responses. Currently there are a variety of electrical-based ...

Paragraph is about mathematical interpretation of transformer insulation system. Base of this system is composed by two elements oil and paper. We need to simulate this system for more precisely results from measurement. Section three describes how to calculate relaxation currents and how that currents are generated. So we are able to compare measured and computed values and deduce actual condi...

In order to improve insight into the impact of mechanical stress on the winding insulation of rotating machines, for the first time simultaneous electrical and mechanical stresses were applied at a frequency as high as 100 Hz. Improving tests described in literature, vibration frequency and bending stress were chosen closer to reality such as 100 Hz and 7 N/mm2, respectively. The goal was to fi...

Transvenous cardiac pacemakers definitely improve quality of life and reduce mortality in at-risk patients, but they are associated with several potential device-related complications. Approximately 10% of patients experience complications related to transvenous implantation of the pacemaker. These may be attributable to either the pulse generator (hematoma, skin breakdown, pocket infection) or...

Cape fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus) pups spend the first weeks of life exclusively or mainly ashore. They are exposed to intense solar radiation and high temperatures for long time periods, which results in temperatures up to at least 80°C on their black natal coat. To test the hypothesis that the natal coat has a crucial function in coping with these extreme conditions, we investigated the ...