Objective Pneumocephalus is a rare complication that often occurs after traumatic skull base injury, leading to morbidity and mortality. Material and Method We present the case of a 42-year-old healthy man who injured himself when he stuck a metal stick into his left nasal cavity to relieve prolonged nasal obstruction. Immediate cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and subsequent meningitis and pne...

BACKGROUND Acute renal failure (ARF) secondary to crush injury is one of the leading causes of hospitalization and death in survivors of massive disasters. The standard therapy for crush injury, intravenous (i.v.) hydration and alkalinization of urine, is often not feasible after a mass disaster; therefore, oral rehydration and urinary alkalinization may be a useful substitute. METHODS We dev...

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a condition caused by spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, resulting in orthostatic headache as the main symptom, but other symptoms such memory loss, nausea, and tinnitus may also be present. Various imaging techniques are used to diagnose SIH, with magnetic resonance myelography being an important tool for detecting leakage site of CSF. ...

Physiologists have shown that increased fluids improve skeletal muscle performance in prolonged exercise.Typical orders provide for 125 mL of intravenous fluids per hour in patients taking limited oral fluids during labor. Our purpose in this study was to determine whether increased intravenous fluids affect the progress of labor. In a prospective randomized institutional clinical trial, on...

Background: Cisplatin is an antineoplastic agent used to treat many malignancies; however, the main side effect of cisplatin is nephrotoxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydration therapy with and without magnesium on prevention of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Methods: This retrospective study was performed on 46 patients with malignancy who were candidate to rec...

This article addresses the interplay between heat of hydration and physico-mechanical properties of calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate in the presence of retarding additives such as citric and malic acids and sodium citrate. The heat of hydration was measured using a semi-isothermal calorimeter. Results proved that citric and malic acids had superior impact on hydration and mechanical properties. Whi...

The incidence of functional intussusception is extremely rare in adults. A 23-year-old woman, previously diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), complained of colicky abdominal pain associated with vomiting of 1-day duration. Currant jelly stool was observed. Irrespective of hydration and intravenous insulin injection under the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), her abdominal pain ...

Painless legs and moving toes is an unusual syndrome, which has not previously been reported as an initial presentation of ischemic stroke. We encountered a 78-year-old woman who developed dysarthria and involuntary movement of her left toes that was clinically regarded as painless legs and moving toes. These symptoms appeared abruptly and simultaneously as the initial symptoms of stroke, and i...

BACKGROUND Major neurological complications of sickle cell disease include cerebral infarction and intracranial hemorrhages. METHODS We describe the case of a 25-year-old man with sickle cell disease who developed a severe headache of acute onset, located at the vertex. There was associated pitting edema of the scalp. RESULTS Technetium and gallium bone imaging showed focal decreased uptake...

Neurotoxicity is a clinically relevant adverse event observed with the use of ifosfamide. It is usually mild, occasionally severe and seldom fatal. Ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy requires interruption of chemotherapy, intravenous hydration and administration of methylene blue. Less is known about the efficacy of methylene blue in avoiding a second episode of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy...