Since the introduction of acrylic fibres as a wool-like apparel fibre to the textile market in the early 1950s, their applications have greatly diversified. Substantial modifications of the acrylic fibres are now possible at several points in the manufacturing route. These range from the selection of comonomers through changes in spinning conditions to specific thermal and chemical modification...

I thought I should perhaps give some sort of a feel what things were like in the 1950s, just immediately preceding and immediately following the discovery and introduction of the psychotropic drugs. I was working at the Douglas Hospital in Montreal. It was a small hospital not small in the number of patients, we had some 1500 or 1600 but we had very few physicians and very few nurses, one regis...

Pattern search methods are a class of direct search methods for nonlinear optimization. Since the introduction of the original pattern search methods in the late 1950s and early 1960s, they have remained popular with users due to their simplicity and the fact that they work well in practice on a variety of problems. More recently, the fact that they are provably convergent has generated renewed...

INTRODUCTION Drape of dry fabrics or prepregs was recognised as an important feature in composites forming operations from the start. In the 1950s the first mathematical models were developed based on purely kinematic arguments. The assumption of zero fibre strains and trellis deformations led to the socalled fishnet approach. Typically, these methods require certain arbitrary constraints to re...

Introduction: For many years, stress and anxiety disorders have taken a heavy toll on the American population. Affecting approximately 40 million individuals over the age of 18, the discovery of treatment options is very important. Ever since the 1950s, a wide variety of compounds have been discovered and proven to have antagonistic properties for such disorders. For the last three decades, how...

Stochastic programming (SP) was first introduced by George Dantzig in the 1950s. Since that time, tremendous progress has been made toward an understanding of properties of SP models and the design of algorithmic approaches for solving them. As a result, SP is gaining recognition as a viable approach for large-scale models of decisions under uncertainty. In this paper, we present an introductio...

The kidney biopsy is the gold standard in the diagnosis and management of many diseases. Since its introduction in the 1950s, advancements have been made in biopsy technique to improve diagnostic yield while minimizing complications. Here, we review kidney biopsy indications, techniques, and complications in the modern era. We also discuss patient populations in whom special consideration must ...