The popularity of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) stimulates research on its determinants. This paper highlights the importance political determinants in explaining inward FDI variation across countries. Adopting argument that no single theory exists for FDI, it identifies factors based results related empirical studies. literature review?s primary concern is to provide underpinnings further di...

Smooth muscle cells from rat aorta were cultured in defined, serum-free medium and studied using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques. Under conditions designed to isolate currents through Ca channels, step depolarizations produced inward currents which were fast in onset and inactivated rapidly, with little sustained inward current being observed. Both Ni and Cd blocked these currents, with Ni be...

The voltage-dependent currents of isolated Necturus lingual cells were studied using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. Nongustatory surface epithelial cells had only passive membrane properties. Small, spherical cells resembling basal cells responded to depolarizing voltage steps with predominantly outward K+ currents. Taste receptor cells generated both outward and inw...

Single, double, and triple mutations progressively shift Shaker activation to more hyperpolarized potentials, resulting in an increase in the fraction of inactivated channels at negative resting voltages. The most negatively shifted mutation, the triple mutant, behaves like an inward rectifier. What is usually considered activation of an inward rectifier is, for the triple mutant, recovery from...

Voltage clamp experiments were carried out with short Purkinje fibers exposed to acetylstrophanthidin. A consistent change in membrane current was an appearance of a transient inward current on repolarization to the resting potential from the preceding depolarization, when preparations were treated with sufficient concentration of acetylstrophanthidin to cause the transient depolarization. This...

normal range of joint motion is an important factor in joint examination in clinical practice which is related to factors such as age, sex and geographic region. there is no data in the literature on the range of joint motions in healthy iranian adults. we studied joint motions in 100 healthy volunteer subjects, 49 men and 51 women, from 19 and 58 years of age. the joint mobility was examined i...

The effects of the peptide FMRFamide (Phe-Met-Arg-PheNH,) on the soma of neuron R14 in the abdominal ganglion of Aplysia californica and A. brasiliana were characterized. Pressure-ejected FMRFamide caused 3 types of responses, (1) a fast outward current (duration, ~30 set), (2) a fast inward current (duration, ~20 set), and (3) a slow inward current (peak at 0.5-l min; duration, 2-3 min). The s...