The transport of ions across single-molecule protein nanochannels is important both in the biological context and in proposed nanotechnological applications. Here we discuss these systems from the perspective of non-equilibrium physics, and in particular, whether the concepts underlying the physics of diffusive and electrokinetic transport can be employed to predict and understand these systems...

The metabolism of cancer cells differs substantially from normal cells, including ion transport. Although this phenomenon has been long recognized, ion transporters have not been viewed as suitable therapeutic targets. However, the acidic pH values present in tumours which are well outside of normal limits are now becoming recognized as an important therapeutic target. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA...

To study the pore-mediated transport of ionic species across a lipid membrane, a series of molecular dynamics simulations have been performed of a dipalmitoyl-phosphatidyl-choline bilayer containing a preformed water pore in the presence of sodium and chloride ions. It is found that the stability of the transient water pores is greatly reduced in the presence of the ions. Specifically, the bind...

Ventricular fibrillation has been studied by driving the ventricles of the isolated rabbit heart electrically and observing whether fibrillation persisted after stimulation was stopped. The hearts were perfused by solutions of different ionic composition and the proportion of hearts in which persistent fibrillation was seen was determined for each solution. The proportion was controlled from 0 ...

The concentrations of K, Na, and Cl in the cytoplasm and vacuole, the tracer fluxes of these ions into and out of the cenocyte, and the electrical potential difference between bathing solution and vacuole and cytoplasm, have been measured in Hydrodictyon africanum. If the ions were acted on solely by passive electrochemical forces, a net efflux of K and Cl and a net influx of Na would be expect...

The lung surface of air-breathing vertebrates is formed by a continuous epithelium that is covered by a fluid layer. In the airways, this epithelium is largely pseudostratified consisting of diverse cell types such as ciliated cells, goblet cells, and undifferentiated basal cells, whereas the alveolar epithelium consists of alveolar type I and alveolar type II cells. Regulation and maintenance ...

The development of the theory of high charge and energy (HZE) ion transport is reviewed. The basic solution behavior and approximation techniques will be described. An overview of the HZE transport codes currently available at the Langley Research Center will be given. The near term goal of the Langley program is to produce a complete set of one-dimensional transport codes. The ultimate goa...

Scientific objectives of this project are: (1) To produce and characterise uniaxially charge conducting ion tracks in thin polymeric films with high energy ion beam irradiation. (2) To understand the charge transport mechanisms within and as well as across ion tracks, which have been identified and shown to occur via electron transport across the carbon clusters that were formed within these io...

PURPOSE Comparison of the computed characteristics and physiological measurement of ion transport through transmembrane proteins could be a useful method to assess the quality of protein structures. Simulations of ion transport should be detailed but also timeefficient. METHODS The most accurate method could be Molecular Dynamics (MD), which is very time-consuming, hence is not used for this ...