Grain boundary mobility of CeO, containing 0.1% and 1.0% trivalent dopant cations (Sc, Yb, Y, Gd, and La, in order of increasing ionic radius) has been measured. At the lower dopant concentration (intrinsic regime), mobility is controlled by grain boundary diffusion of host cations, whereas at the higher dopant concentration (extrinsic regime), mobility is controlled by solute drag through the ...

The many-body Monte Carlo method is used to evaluate the frequency-dependent conductivity and the average mobility of a system of hopping charges, electronic or ionic, on a one-dimensional chain or channel of finite length. Two cases are considered: the chain is connected to electrodes and in the other case the chain is confined, giving zero dc conduction. The concentration of charge is varied ...

The transport coefficients of three ionic liquids, lithium bromide ~LiBr!, rubidium bromide ~RbBr!, and molten silica (SiO2) are calculated by the mixture mode-coupling theory. The static partial structure factors required are obtained from the interionic interaction potential by the Ornstein– Zernike/hypernetted-chain integral equation. The anomalous pressure dependence of the transport proper...

We have studied the catalytic efficiency of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in various solutions with ion-disturbed water structure to explore the role that the water structure plays in the substrate-enzyme encounter. The extent of water structuring in the different aqueous solutions was determined by near-infrared spectroscopy. The influence of water structure on the degree of solvation and on the...

Changes in the structure of the surface of mastocytoma cells were induced by hyperthermia and were investigated by means of cell electrophoresis. A decrease in the cell electrophoretic mobility was detected as early as 15 min after treatment at 42 degrees and progressed more rapidly under hypoxic conditions than under oxic conditions. Subsequent recovery of electrophoretic mobility at 37 degree...

The addition of lithium salts to ionic liquids causes an increase in viscosity and a decrease in ionic mobility that hinders their possible application as an alternative solvent in lithium ion batteries. Optically heterodyne-detected optical Kerr effect spectroscopy was used to study the change in dynamics, principally orientational relaxation, caused by the addition of lithium bis(trifluoromet...

Solid-state electrolytes provide substantial improvements to safety and electrochemical stability in lithium-ion batteries when compared with conventional liquid electrolytes, which makes them a promising alternative technology for next-generation high-energy batteries. Currently, the low mobility of lithium ions in solid electrolytes limits their practical application. The ongoing research ove...

A difference in salt concentration in two solutions separated by a membrane leads to an electrical potential difference across the membrane, also without applied current. A literature study is presented on proposed theories for the origin of this membrane potential (ϕm). The most well-known theoretical description is Teorell-Meyer-Sievers (TMS) theory, which we analyze and extend. Experimental ...

Polyvinyl chloride supported silver molybdate composite material is used to develop by solution casting method. This membrane was characterized by various instrumental techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. These characterizations are used to understand the functional groups,thermal sta...

We report on how the dynamical and structural properties of the ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (C6C1ImTFSI) change upon different degrees of confinement in silica gels. The apparent diffusion coefficients of the individual ions are measured by (1)H and (19)F pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG-NMR) spectroscopy, while the intermolec...