There has been tremendous experimental progress in the last decade in identifying the structure and function of biological pores (ion channels) and fabricating synthetic pores. Despite this progress, many questions still remain about the mechanisms and universal features of ionic transport in these systems. In this paper, we examine the use of nanopores to probe ion transport and to construct f...

Ionic liquids are an emerging class of materials with applications in a variety of fields. Steady progress has been made in the creation of ionic liquids tailored to specific applications. However, the understanding of the underlying structure-property relationships has been slower to develop. As a step in the effort to alleviate this deficiency, the influence of side groups on ionic liquid pro...

Liquid-liquid two-phase systems formed by a hydrophobic ionic liquid and water find several useful ways of application in analytical chemistry. One of the most important properties of such two-phase systems is the mutual solubility of the IL and water. Recent advancements on this subject have been reviewed. The solubility of ionic liquids in water is related to the standard Gibbs energies of th...

A description of ionic transport in unsaturated porous materials due to gradients in the electro–chemical potential and the moisture content is developed by averaging the relevant microscopic transport equations over a representative volume element. The complete set of equations consists of time-dependent equations for both the concentration of ionic species within the pore solution and the moi...

The lumen-to-cell transport, cellular accumulation, and toxicity of ionic cadmium (Cd) and cadmium-cysteine conjugate (Cys-S-Cd-S-Cys) were studied in isolated perfused S2 segments of the proximal tubule of the rabbit kidney. All perfusion solutions were HEPES buffered and contained H-L-glucose which functioned as a volume and leak marker along with 250 nM FD & C Green dye as a vital dye. When ...

The development of ionic liquids with low viscosity and high ionic conductivity is important for many applications of ionic liquids, such as their use as electrolytes for electronic devices. The transport properties depend on the motion of ions in ionic liquids. The viscosity becomes low and the ionic conductivity becomes high as the diffusion of ions becomes fast. Therefore the elucidation of ...