Contents 1. Introduction 2. Factors determining the development of the hydrographic network and the hydrological regime of rivers during the present period 2.1. Relief 2.2. Climate 2.3. Soils and vegetation 2.4. Economic activity 2.4.1 Water reservoirs 2.4.2 Irrigation 3. Hydrography, hydrological knowledge, river runoff, water use and water availability 3.

Crop production is a process of multiple inputs (water and nutrients, etc.), and the relationships between the inputs and crop yield are very complex. This study used a model for data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate the efficiency of irrigation-fertilization schemes for winter wheat in North China. The field experiments were conducted at the Xiaohe Irrigation Experiment Station in Centra...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of a sonic device (Vibringe), syringe irrigation, and passive ultrasonic irrigation in the removal of debris from simulated root canal irregularities. METHODS Root canals with 2 standardized grooves in the apical and coronal parts were filled with dentin debris. Three different irrigation procedures were performed with NaOCl (1%...

The designating factors in the design of branched irrigation networks are the cost of pipes and the cost of pumping. They both depend directly on the hydraulic pump head. It is mandatory for this reason to calculate the optimal pump head as well as the corresponding economic pipe diameters, in order the minimal total cost of the irrigation network to be produced. The classical optimization tech...

A field crop irrigation management decision-making system (CropIrri) was developed based on the soil water balance model, crop phenology model, root growth model, crop water production function, and irrigation management model. The irrigation plan is made through predicating of soil water content in root zone and daily crop water requirement using historical and forecasting weather data, measur...

to determine the effects of different irrigation and salinity levels on qualitative and quantitative yield of sugar beet, an experiment was conducted for two years (2006-07)at torogh agricultural research center, mashhad, iran, using two sprinkler systems. each of the two irrigation systems was connected to two water sources with 1 and 6 ds/m salinity. irrigation was performed via two sprinkler...