OBJECTIVE Develop a gender specific database of trunk muscle cross-sectional areas across multiple levels of the thoracic and lumbar spine and develop prediction equations for the physiological cross-sectional area as a function of gender and anthropometry. DESIGN This study quantified trunk muscle cross-sectional areas of male and female spine loading muscles. BACKGROUND There is a lack of...

We examined the activities that low-income, ethnically diverse fathers of sons versus daughters engage in with their children in the preschool years. African American, Latino, and White fathers (N=426) from research sites across the United States, were interviewed about their caregiving, play, literacy, and visiting activities when their children were 2 years, 3 years, and preschool age. Father...

Past research has uncovered personality influences on dangerous driving behavior and vehicle crashes (Furnham & Saipe, 1993; Matthews, Dorn, & Glendon, 1991). Recently, females between 16 and 20 years of age showed an increase in overall crash rate, while males within the same age group showed a decrease in overall crash rate (NHTSA, 2004; NHTSA, 2002). Adolescent and young adult females have b...

This study, a cross-sectional study of adults who were administered the CNS Vital Signs test battery when it was being standardized, investigated whether there are gender differences in the rate of neurocognitive decline with age. As a group, men scored better on tests of visual memory, executive function and psychomotor speed. Women scored better in tests of verbal memory, processing speed, an...

Being able to judge another person's visuo-spatial perspective is an essential social skill, hence we investigated the generalizability of the involved mechanisms across cultures and genders. Developmental, cross-species, and our own previous research suggest that two different forms of perspective taking can be distinguished, which are subserved by two distinct mechanisms. The simpler form rel...

We investigate tone recognition in Vietnamese across gender and dialects. In addition to well-known parameters such as single fundamental frequency (F0) values and energy features, we explore the impact of harmonicity on recognition accuracy, as well as that of the PaIntE parameters, which quantify the shape of the F0 contour over complete syllables instead of providing more local single values...

Human beings not only created language, but also become the users; therefore, the study on linguistics should not only be made from the perspective of symbol, but more should be people-oriented. But the most significant difference between human beings is the gender difference, so people of different genders from either physiology or psychology in the use of language will have their own gender c...

Literature on aggression often suggests that individual deficiencies, such as social incompetence, psychological difficulties, or troublesome home environments, are responsible for aggressive behavior. In this article, by contrast, we examine aggression from a social network perspective, arguing that social network centrality, our primary measure of peer status, increases the capacity for aggre...