The modern infirmary is the evolutional product of the dialectic interface between medical theories at each time and the outcome of their application in clinical practice. The infirmary as we know it today did not exist during antiquity, but the different precursors of the modern hospital emerged as a result of the interaction between medical theory and practice. During antiquity the Hippocrati...

This study investigates public resistance towards Muslims’ civil liberties, such as the wearing of headscarves, the provision of Islamic education and the building of mosques as well as the official recognition of Islam by creating a Islamic public holiday. Explanations were sought in negative perceptions and attitudes towards Muslims and individual value orientations. The main findings, based ...

Postmortem examinations have recently become common practice in Western medicine: they are used to verify the cause of death and to obtain additional scientific information on certain diseases, as well as to train medical students. For religious people of the monotheistic faiths postmortems present several ethical questions even though the advantages attributed to postmortems in the West are al...

relation between iran and saudi arabia was ever on assiduity and it has been pessimistically always except before islamic revolution of iran. this written would present and view the relations of two mention countries in framework of vednt constructivism which indicates how identities reconstruct relations of two countries. it would also present that dominant culture on these two countries relat...

this article investigates the possibility context of the unveiling genesis (taking off the hijab, i. e. the islamic veil) in iran and elucidates the dynamics possibility of the first attempt to unveil. an archaeological method of foucaultian approach is adopted to reach this goal. the article demonstrates that “unveiling” is one of the implications of modernity and should be considered in light...

Venereal diseases are still a common prohlem in today's world. Even though tremendous advances are heing made in medicine and large budgets are heing spent to control sexually transmitted diseases (STD), especially in western countries, these diseases are still yet very common, and today AIDS has been added to the threats posed hy STD to human life. The status of syphilis was evaluated in Iran ...

This article is about the recognition of personhood when death occurs in early life. Drawing from anthropological perspectives on personhood at the beginnings and ends of life, it examines the implications of competing religious and customary definitions of personhood for a small sample of young British Pakistani Muslim women who experienced miscarriage and stillbirth. It suggests that these wo...