Isoniazid, the hydrazide of isonicotinic acid, was synthesized for the first time in 1912 by two Czech scientists, but its powerful antituberculous activity was detected only in 1951, and the discovery of isoniazid was a milestone in the chemotherapy of tuberculosis. Its activity is excellent against species of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (M. tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, Mycoba...

This work deals with the preparation of pyridine-3-carbohydrazide (isoniazid, inh) cocrystals two ?-hydroxycarboxylic acids. The interaction glycolic acid (H2ga) or d,l-mandelic (H2ma) resulted in formation salts composition (inh)·(H2ga) (1) and [Hinh]+[Hma]–·(H2ma) (2) when reacted isoniazid. An N?-(propan-2-ylidene)isonicotinic hydrazide hemihydrate, (pinh)·1/2(H2O) (3), was also prepared by ...

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global epidemic that kills over million people every year, particularly in low-resource communities. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the most common bacterium causes TB, difficult to treat, its latent phase, part due ability survive and replicate within host macrophage. New therapeutic approaches resulting better tolerated shorter antibiotic courses target intracellular bacte...

the aim of this study was to determine the association of n-acetyltransferase-2 polymorphisms and anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity in iranian pulmonary tuberculosis patients. acetylating phenotypes was studied in 50 iranian pulmonary tuberculosis patients using metabolic ratio of plasma acetyl-isoniazid to isoniazid. the association between hepatotoxicity and the n-acetyltransferas...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To study the pattern of drug-resistance and treatment outcomes among patients with confirmed multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-PTB). METHODS A prospective study was conducted at Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Chest Diseases, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Between January 2005 and December 2008, 224 confirmed MDR-PTB cases were studied for various drug-resistance pat...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of isoniazid prophylaxis on mortality and incidence of tuberculosis in children with HIV. DESIGN Two centre prospective double blind placebo controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS Children aged > or =8 weeks with HIV. INTERVENTIONS Isoniazid or placebo given with co-trimoxazole either daily or three times a week. SETTING Two tertiary healthcare centres in So...

OBJECTIVES Molecular assays to detect drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis are more rapid than standard drug susceptibility testing. To evaluate the efficacy of such assays in this setting, the GenoType MTBDRplus assay (HAIN Lifescience) and multiplex allele-specific PCR assays were carried out. METHODS The GenoType MTBDRplus assay was evaluated for the detection of rifampicin and is...

During a two-year period, from January 1984 through December 1985, six cases of intentional overdosage with isoniazid were reported in young Southeast Asian refugee women. The patients were aged 14 to 23 years, had all immigrated within one year and were receiving isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis infection without disease. Clinically, all patients experienced generalized seizures, ...

The possible existence of kinetic interactions between rifampicin and isoniazid and the effect of the concomitant presence of an impaired liver function were investigated in man. In a first study normal healthy subjects and patients with chronic liver disease received, on three different occasions, a single dose of 600 mg rifampicin or isoniazid and of rifampicin and isoniazid associated in ran...

BACKGROUND In vitro and animal studies have shown that moxifloxacin-containing combinations may improve the bactericidal efficacy of antituberculosis regimens. PATIENTS AND METHODS We measured the decline in the sputum viable count of 13 patients who were given a combination of moxifloxacin 400 mg daily and isoniazid 300 mg daily. RESULTS The time required to reduce the viable count by 50% ...