the space structure that governs cities has depended on several corresponding relations and various factors which consist of: population, job and activities, transportation patterns, urban sub-structures, various services and etc that always were connected to each other and have formed its space structure. but since these relations are more complicated in big cities, the importance of paying at...

The software defined networking paradigm becomes more and more important and frequently used in area of computer networks. It allows to run software that manages the whole network. This software becomes more complicated in order to provide new functionality that was impossible to imagine before. It requires better performance, better reliability and security, better resource utilization that wi...

We calibrate several advanced stock price models to a time series of real market data European options on the DAX. Via Monte Carlo simulation, we barrier down-and-out call for all and compare modeled prices given options. The Bates model reproduces option very well. BNS overvalues Lévy with stochastic time-change leverage undervalue exotic Heston local volatility by about 5–6%. A heuristic anal...