after establishment of the world trade organization (wto) in 1995, not only all countries around the world had to receive progressively the wto accession but also those that had higher economic potentials benefited further advantages from their memberships. one goal which has been followed by the wto has relied on economic convergence. it is now a time to ask whether convergence in monetary po...

Careful analysis of functional Vo2-Jo1 and Vy9-Jy1.2 rearrangements of peripheral T-Iymphocytes showed high frequencies of leucine and valine at a fixed position in the Vo2-J51 junctional regions. This phenomenon remained unnoticed in the numerous published junctional regions for over several years. Because comparable preferential motifs might also occur in junctional regions of other T-cell po...

This paper aims to survey the theoretical and empirical literature on increasing wage and employment differentials in favour of high skill workers and against low skill workers. Much literature stresses the role of demand shifts against low skill workers, caused by skill biased technical change (SBTC) and by sector biased international trade (SBIT). Moreover, demand shifts with characteristics ...

Using administrative data matching individual worker earnings to employers in a regression discontinuity design based on close union representation elections, this study presents new evidence on the impacts of unionization on establishment and worker outcomes. The paper first shows evidence that close union elections are subject to nonrandom selection, with large discontinuities in pre-election...

Regression discontinuity studies of the effects of union representation rely on quasi-random variation in vote tallies near the majority-rule threshold. It is precisely in the closest elections, however, that incentives may be most powerful for manipulation. This study shows evidence for such contaminating selection in close union elections. First, unions lost close elections at an unexpectedly...

Six-dimensional quantum dynamical calculations are presented for the reaction of (v , j) H2 on Cu~100!, at normal incidence, for v50 – 1 and j50 – 5. The dynamical calculations employed a potential energy surface computed with density functional theory, using the generalized gradient approximation and a slab representation for the adsorbate-substrate system. The aim of the calculations was to e...

BACKGROUND Bacteriocin-producing Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have vast applications in human and animal health, as well as in food industry. The structural, immunity, regulatory, export and modification genes are required for effective bacteriocin biosynthesis. Variations in gene sequence, composition and organisation will affect the antimicrobial spectrum of bacteriocin greatly. Lactobacillus p...