BACKGROUND Transesterification of Jatropha oil was carried out in t-butanol solvent using immobilized lipase from Enterobacter aerogenes. The presence of t-butanol significantly reduced the negative effects caused by both methanol and glycerol. The effects of various reaction parameters on transesterification of Jatropha oil were studied. RESULTS The maximum yield of biodiesel was 94% (of whi...

Azaspiracids (AZAs) are secondary metabolites of Azadinium spinosum that can accumulate in shellfish and cause food poisoning when consumed. We describe here an analytical procedure for the determination of AZAs in cultures of A. spinosum with a focus on the formation of AZA methyl esters as artefacts during extraction and sample pre-treatment. A. spinosum cells were collected from bioreactor c...

The modeling of the low temperature oxidation of large saturated methyl esters really representative of those found in biodiesel fuels has been investigated. Models have been developed for these species and then detailed kinetic mechanisms have been automatically generated using a new extended version of software EXGAS, which includes reactions specific to the chemistry of esters. A model gener...

Jatropha curcas L. is one of the seed plants that have lipase activity and can work well in hydrolysis reactions chemical synthesis. This study aims to determine reacts with castor oil organic solvents. In this research, solvents, especially hydrophobic were used reaction increase lipase's catalytic activity. The solvent has a hydrophobicity level between 2 4, namely hexane. research stages con...

The cuticular surface lipids of the red harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex barbatus, were found to contain minor amounts of novel wax esters, in addition to the major components, hydrocarbons. The wax esters ranged in carbon number from C19 to C31 and consisted of esters of both odd- and even-numbered alcohols and acids. Each wax ester with a given carbon number eluted at several different retention t...

The recovery from rat and rabbit tissues of fed methyl-(14)C and ethyl-2-(14)C 2-methylpalmitate with unaltered specific activity has demonstrated the existence of mechanisms for the absorption and deposition of both methyl and ethyl esters of fatty acids, at least for 2-methylpalmitate. In thoracic duct-cannulated rats, approximately 9% of the fed compounds was recovered from the lymph during ...

Biodiesel, an alternative fuel derived from lipid feedstocks, such as vegetable oil or animal fat, is mainly composed of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid alkyl esters. Fuel suppliers, terminal operators, and users are becoming more concerned with monitoring and maintaining good biodiesel fuel quality with respect to oxidative degradation during storage. The oil stability index (OSI), a para...

(tetrahydrofuran) at 703C for 16 h. The ester residue is then converted to a 6,6-dideuteriohexose residue, the O-methyl ethers of which are easily distinguishable by GC-MS of the derived alditol acetates. An alternative to acid hydrolysis that is applicable to most polysaccharides and glycoconjugates, including those containing acid-labile residues or glycosidic linkages resistant to hydrolysis...

Natural esters of fatty acids of Rhizopus arrhizus Fischer increased during the first 48 hr of growth. During the 48- to 72-hr period, there was a shift in concentration from the methyl esters to the ethyl esters of fatty acids.

The study investigates the effect of aluminium oxide nanoparticles as an additive to Madhuca Indica (mahua) methyl ester blends on performance, emission analysis of a single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine operated at a constant speed at different operating conditions. The test fuels are indicated as B10A0.2, B10A0.4, B20A0.2, B20A0.4 and diesel respectively. The results indica...