Cardiac preconditioning is the most potent and consistently reproducible method of protecting heart tissue against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. This review discussed about the signaling and amplification cascades from either ischemic preconditioning stimulus or pharmacological preconditioning stimulus, the putative end-effectors and the mechanisms involved in cellular protection. The...

1. The patch-clamp technique has been used to examine the action of the chemical phosphatase 2,3-butanedione monoxime (BDM) on ATP-sensitive K+ channels (KATP-channels) from mouse isolated pancreatic beta-cells in the absence of ATP and Mg2+. 2. BDM reversibly inhibited whole-cell KATP-currents with a concentration for half maximal inhibition (K(i)) of 15 +/- 1 mM and a Hill coefficient (n) of ...

BACKGROUND 3-guanidinopropionic acid derivatives reduce body weight in obese, diabetic mice. We have assessed whether one of these analogues, the aminoguanidine carboxylate BVT.12777, opens KATP channels in rat insulinoma cells, by the same mechanism as leptin. RESULTS BVT.12777 hyperpolarized CRI-G1 rat insulinoma cells by activation of KATP channels. In contrast, BVT.12777 did not activate ...

ATP-regulated potassium (KATP) channel complexes of inward rectifier potassium channel (Kir) 6.2 and sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) 1 critically regulate pancreatic islet β-cell membrane potential, calcium influx, and insulin secretion, and consequently, represent important drug targets for metabolic disorders of glucose homeostasis. The KATP channel opener diazoxide is used clinically to treat in...

ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels link membrane excitability to metabolic state to regulate a series of biological activities including the vascular tone. However, their ability to influence hypertension is controversial. Here we aim to investigate possible alteration of KATP channel in vascular smooth muscles (VSMs) during hypertension development process. In this study, we used 16-week-...

Insulin secretagogues (sulfonylureas and glinides) increase insulin secretion by closing the ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP channel) in the pancreatic beta-cell membrane. KATP channels subserve important functions also in the heart. First, KATP channels in coronary myocytes contribute to the control of coronary blood flow at rest and in hypoxia. Second, KATP channels in the sarcolemma of cardio...

Functional coupling of Na+,K+-ATPase pump activity to a basolateral membrane (BLM) K+ conductance is crucial for sustaining transport in the proximal tubule. Apical sodium entry stimulates pump activity, lowering cytosolic [ATP], which in turn disinhibits ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels. Opening of these KATP channels mediates hyperpolarization of the BLM that facilitates Na+ reabsorption and ...

Diosgenin is a natural steroid sourced from plants and exhibits good analgesic anti-inflammatory activity. However, mechanism of action associated with the activity diosgenin not yet delineated. Hence, in present study, we explored on nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate/adenosine monophosphate sensitive potassium channels (NO/cGMP/kATP). The role (NO/cGMP/kATP) Wistar rat was studied us...

ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels were first discovered in the heart 30 years ago. Reconstitution of KATP channel activity by coexpression of members of the pore-forming inward rectifier gene family (Kir6.1, KCNJ8, and Kir6.2 KCNJ11) with sulfonylurea receptors (SUR1, ABCC8, and SUR2, ABCC9) of the ABCC protein subfamily has led to the elucidation of many details of channel gating and por...

Acetylcholine released from cholinergic nerves is involved in heat loss responses of cutaneous vasodilation and sweating. K(+) channels are thought to play a role in regulating cholinergic cutaneous vasodilation and sweating, though which K(+) channels are involved in their regulation remains unclear. We evaluated the hypotheses that 1) Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (KCa), ATP-sensitive K(+) (KATP), an...