We prove the computational intractability of rotating and placing n square tiles into a 1 × n array such that adjacent tiles are compatible—either equal edge colors, as in edge-matching puzzles, or matching tab/pocket shapes, as in jigsaw puzzles. Beyond basic NP-hardness, we prove that it is NPhard even to approximately maximize the number of placed tiles (allowing blanks), while satisfying th...

This study aims to develop and evaluate a language learning system supported by the ‘flipped jigsaw’ technique, called ‘Flip-J’. This system mainly consists of three functions: (1) the creation of a learning material database, (2) allocation of learning materials, and (3) formation of an expert and jigsaw group. Flip-J was developed as the plugin of the learning management system Moodle, and th...

In the last decade the enterprise of formal semantics has been under attack from several philosophical and linguistic perspectives, and it has certainly suffered from its own scattered state, which hosts quite a variety of paradigms which may seem to be incompatible. It will not do to try and answer the arguments of the critics, because the arguments are often welltaken. The negative conclusion...

We propose a method for extracting attributes and their values from Web pages. Our method makes use of word distributions estimated from plain Web pages. The key idea is to estimate word distribution by consulting ontologies built from HTML tables. In a series of experiments, we show that estimated word distributions are useful for extracting attributes and their values in various kinds of HTML...

1 John Burkhardt, United States Naval Academy, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Annapolis, MD 21402 [email protected] 2 Peter R. Turner, United States Naval Academy, Department of Mathematics, Annapolis, MD 21402 [email protected] Abstract  The use of jigsaw techniques in a multidisciplinary, project-oriented, introductory computational science and engineering course is described. The course r...

Three experiments examined whether a conceptual implicit memory test (specifically, category instance generation) would exhibit repetition effects similar to those found in free recall. The transfer appropriate processing account of dissociations among memory tests led us to predict that the tests would show parallel effects; this prediction was based upon the theory's assumption that conceptua...

Word meaning priming has become a key method to study how listeners (and readers) retune their lexical semantic representations in response to their linguistic environment in order to facilitate access to word meanings. We present a summary of recent findings using this method that help to constrain our theories of how this important form of lexicalsemantic learning occurs.

Jigsaw puzzles [9] and edge-matching puzzles [5] are two ancient types of puzzle, going back to the 1760s and 1890s, respectively. Jigsaw puzzles involve fitting together a given set of pieces (usually via translation and rotation) into a desired shape (usually a rectangle), often revealing a known image or pattern. The pieces are typically squares with a pocket cut out of or a tab attached to ...