In a collocation, the choice of one lexical item depends on the choice made for another. This poses a problem for simple approaches to lexicalisation in natural language generation systems. In the Meaning-Text framework, recurrent patterns of collocations have been characterised by lexical functions, which offer an elegant way of describing these relationships. Previous work has shown that usin...

Studies on language learning have revealed that collocation knowledge is an important indicator for advanced second language competence. Native speakers' production relies heavily on prefabricated or pre-made chunks such as collocations, which save processing load to achieve language fluency and accuracy. Previous investigation on ESL and EFL students indicated that nonnative learners' collocat...

Lexical inferencing is one of the most important strategies in vocabulary learning and it plays an important role in dealing with unknown words in a text. In this regard, the aim of this study was to determine the lexical inferencing strategies used by Iranian EFL learners when they encounter unknown words at both text and sentence levels. To this end, forty lower intermediate students were div...

Explicit pre/post conditioning of the large, sparse and non-symmetric system of equations, arising from the discretization of the Dirichlet Poisson’s Boundary Value Problem (BVP) by the Hermite Collocation method is the problem considered herein. Using the 2-cyclic (red-black) structure of the Collocation coefficient matrix, we investigate the eigenvalue distribution of its preconditioned analo...

â â â  â â  abstract: â  china and asean have been maintaining a relationship both cooperative and competitive in the textile trade. due to its labor intensive feature and high dependence on foreign trade , the textile trade has received much attention after the 2008 financial crisis. the customs data (classified by the hs code) from year 2006-2009 is employed to research the impact of the cris...

Mastering lexical collocation uses in learning English as a foreign language is absolutely essential to develop students’ communicative skills and linguistic abilities. Most students, however, have problems with putting words together characteristic of “natural” native speaker-like manner during writing. Students tend use strange expressions therefore production does not sound natural carries i...