Globalization has drastically improved access of technological latecomers to advanced technologies and provides a unique opportunity for low-income countries to raise per capita income. This paper shows that low-income countries as a group have in fact substantially increased the GDP-ratio of technology imports over the past few years, but that there are large cross-country discrepancies in tec...

Imports of goods that embody foreign technology can raise a country’s output directly as inputs into production and indirectly through reverse engineering of these goods, contributing to domestic imitation and innovation. This paper quantifies spillovers from high technology imports to domestic imitation and innovation in both developed and developing countries. It then considers the contributi...

This paper discusses the occurrence of skill-enhancing technology import, namely the relationship between imports of embodied technology and widening skill-based employment di¤erentials in low and middle-income countries. GMM techniques are applied to an original panel dataset comprising 28 manufacturing sectors for 23 countries over a decade. Econometric results provide robust evidence of the ...

Interdependent networks is no longer a new term: it has already become a part of day-to-day life of the society. Therefore, it is paramount to assess the resilience of such complex interdependency in networks. Besides considering the usual unidirectional and bidirectional links among the interdependent networks, weights of links also impose realistic constraints for accurate network performance...

We show that dependence on foreign energy can increase economic instability by raising the likelihood of equilibrium indeterminacy, hence making ‡uctuations driven by selfful…lling expectations easier to occur. This is demonstrated in a standard neoclassical growth model. Calibration exercises, based on the estimated share of imported energy in production for several countries, show that the de...