We analyze a panel of 230 Canadian manufacturing industries to investigate whether trade liberalization promotes efficiency through increased scale. During the six years following the Free Trade Agreement with the United States, Canadian manufacturing exhibited substantial rationalization – a decline in the number of plants accompanied by increases in output per plant. We find that the bilatera...

Traditional explanations for indirect trade through an entrepôt focus on savings in transport costs and the role of specialized agents in processing and distribution. We provide an alternative perspective based on the potential for entrepôts to facilitate tariff evasion. Using data on direct exports to mainland China and indirect exports via Hong Kong SAR, we find that the indirect export rate ...

The master thesis describes an intelligent agent developed for power trading in the tar-iff market. First, the theoretical background related to the motivation for switching fromtraditional grids to Smart Grids is presented. The thesis continues with the simulation plat-forms for agents and the key implications of real-world tariff design and principles. Lastly,the complete arch...

this paper aims to analyze tariff protection policies in the agricultural sector of developing countries. the agricultural tariff structure in developing countries is characterized by: i) high average tariffs, ii) the existence of tariff escalation, iii) dispersion of nominal tariffs across tariff lines, and iv) a wide gap between average nominal tariffs and import-weighted average tariffs. con...

The traditional model of trade protection against a foreign monopolist suggests that a home country should often impose a tariff on the foreign firm, even though the this introduces an additional distortion. In this paper, I generalize the traditional model to include a basic network externality, e.g., the foreign firm also generates third party advertisement revenue from its product, and I det...

Hip fracture is one of the most serious consequences of falls in the elderly, with a mortality of 10% at one month and 30% at one year. Elderly patients with hip fractures have complex medical, surgical, and rehabilitation needs, and a well-coordinated multidisciplinary team approach is essential for the best outcome. The model of best practice for hip fracture care is set out in the Orthopaedi...

A hierarchical framework is proposed to address the issues of modeling different type of words in keyword spotting (KWS). Keyword models are built at various levels according to the availability of training set resources for each individual word. The proposed approach improves the performance of KWS even when no training speech is available for the keywords. It also suggests an easier way to co...

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