The purpose of this article is to evaluate the role that colonization played in language education policy and illustrate the need for first language instruction. Using postcolonial scholar Franz Fanon, the reasons for and consequences of using a second language medium of instruction in postcolonial nations are explored. Colonial languages were used to reinforce the imperialistic goals of ...

  Abstract The present study begins by sketching "Chaos/Complexity Theory" (C/CT) and its applica-tion to the nature of language and language acquisition. Then, the theory of "Universal Grammar" (UG) is explicated with an eye to C/CT. Firstly, it is revealed that CCT may or may not be allied with a theory of language acquisition that takes UG as the initial state of language acquisition for ...

In this study, the problem of navigation in dynamic and unknown environment is investigated and a navigation method based on force field approach is suggested. It is assumed that the robot performs navigation in...

Case reports are considered as the lowest level of evidence while at the same time they are frontiers of evidence collection. case reports are professional stories about novel medical events and will worth publication only if they possess complexity, proper data collection, justified diagnosis, and legitimate intervention as well as appropriate language, punctuation, and syntax. A case report m...

Task variation is an integrative method aiming at the importance of learner-to-learner interactions in a wide range of learning contexts and fostering authentic use of language and meaningful communication. This study investigated the impact of task variation on the accuracy and complexity of Iranian EFL learners’ oral speech. In so doing, 80 intermediate EFL learners, majoring English at the I...