Molecules containing multiple lanthanide ions have unique potential in applications for medical imaging including the areas of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluoresence imaging. The study of multilanthanide complexes as contrast agents for MRI and as biologically responsive fluorescent probes has resulted in an improved understanding of the structural characteristics that govern the beha...

To date more than 3650 organohalogen compounds are known to be naturally produced by biogeochemical processes [1]. The current understanding of the abiotic formation of organohalogens during early diagenetic processes in soils and sediments are reviewed. Next to volatile alkyl halides and polar organohalogens such as haloacetates there is evidence that even semivolatile organohalogens (e.g. pol...

Accurate calculations are made for the hydration energies of the alkali halides, using the most recent data. These results, and the average of theoretical calculations made by others for the individual ions, are used to determine the most probable hydration energy of the individual ions. These in turn are the basis for calculating the absolute enthalpy of formation of aqueous H: 98.6 kcal/g-equ...

Copper(I) halides are employed as ‘phosphine sponges’ to sequester phosphor-ylides when using phosphine-based Grubb’s metathesis catalysis in polar protic solvents and under heat. These cuprous halides are hypothesized to significantly slow the formation of the ruthenium hydride olefin isomerization catalyst. We demonstrate their use in both cross metathesis and ring-closing metathesis.

An efficient method for the construction of fused yne-substituted aryl halides by reaction of unactivated linear tetraynes with allyl halides via domino C-C coupling and formation of C-X bonds in the presence of Pd(OAc)2/PPh3 was developed.

The various biological activities namely anthelmintic, antiarthropodal, antiviral, antimicrobial, herbicidal, antisarcoptic, acaricidal, insecticidal and miticidal activities exhibited by the hydrazonoyl halides are surveyed. Also, the uses of such halides as pesticides, weed controlling and antihypertensive agents as well as lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase inhibitors are presented. Furthermore...

Three-component couplings were achieved from common aryl halides, alkyl halides, and heteroarenes under palladium and norbornene co-catalysis. The reaction forges hindered aryl-heteroaryl bonds and introduces ortho-alkyl groups to aryl rings. Various heterocycles such as oxazoles, thiazoles and thiophenes underwent efficient coupling. The heteroarenes were deprotonated in situ by bases without ...

Following removal of most of the telopeptide regions with pepsin, bovine dermal collagen gelled more slowly to form fibrils with a weak banding pattern. The reduction in gelling rate reflected an increase in the length of the nucleation phase and a lower rate of turbidity increase during the growth phase; the activation energy of both phases was increased. Lanthanide ions, phosphate, or, to a l...

[reaction--see text] Alcohols were efficiently converted to alkyl halides using 1-n-butyl-3-methylylimidazolium halides (ionic liquids) in the presence of Brønsted acids at room temperature. The alkyl halide products were easily isolated from the reaction mixture via simple decantation or extraction, and the 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation could be recycled for further uses.

Millisecond crystal relaxation has been used to explain anomalous decay in doped alkali halides. We attribute this slowness to Fermi-Pasta-Ulam solitons. Our model exhibits confinement of mechanical energy released by excitation. Extending the model to long times is justified by its relation to solitons, excitations previously proposed to occur in alkali halides. Soliton damping and observation...