Abstract The Asian shore crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus has become invasive in North Europe and it co-occurs competes with the native European Carcinus maenas . Both species develop through a feeding dispersive larval phase characterised by several zoeal settling megalopa stage. Larvae of marine crabs are vulnerable to food limitation warming potential exacerbate negative effects on survival growt...

Water salinity is an intense physiological stress for amphibians. However, some species, such as Bufo calamita, breed in both brackish and freshwater environments. Because selection under environmentally stressful conditions can promote local adaptation of populations, we examined the existence of geographic variation in water salinity tolerance among B. calamita populations from either fresh o...

Concern that environmental contaminants contribute to global amphibian population declines has prompted extensive experimental investigation, but individual-level experimental results have seldom been translated to population-level processes. We used our research on the effects of mercury (Hg) on American toads (Bufo americanus) as a model for bridging the gap between individual-level contamina...

I review studies on decapod crustaceans to draw conclusions about the importance of effects of past environmental conditions on development, phenotype, performance, and survival in animals. I consider 3 critical points of the life cycle: the allocation of reserves into eggs, the hatching of larvae, and metamorphosis from the larval to the juvenile phase. Biomass allocated to eggs varies among f...

In tropical areas, where vector insects populations are particularly numerous, temperature usually range between 25 degrees C and 35 degrees C. Considering the importance of such temperature variation in determining mosquitoes population dynamics, in this work the developmental, eclosion and survival rates of the immature stages of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) were compared under constant 25, 30 an...

Differences in larval survival and development of bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E. Smith), respectively,were found toexist among commercially available Cry1A(c) transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) varieties. Using a quantiÞcation assay (ELISA) to measure the levels of d-endotoxin in two of these varieties (ÔDP 451B/RRÕ and ÔNuCOTN 33B...

Resistance to diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), has been a major criterion for selection in the crucifer breeding program at the New York State Agricultural Experiment Station. Two types of resistance have been identified and studied. Larval survival on normal wax genotypes (with the typical whitish bloom of cultivated Brassica) is about 50% of survival on susceptibles. Polar extracts...

Tissue samples used for genetic analyses are increasingly necessary for proper management of rare or endangered species, yet growing evidence suggests that traditional methods used to sample or mark amphibians have detrimental fitness effects. We used a semi-natural mesocosm experiment to determine the effect of larval tail-clipping on growth and survival of the endangered California tiger sala...

The great barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda) is a widespread, ecologically and socioeconomically important coastal fish, yet very little is known about its larvae. We examined spawning and larval ecology of Western Atlantic sphyraenids using monthly ichthyoplankton samples collected over 2 years along a transect spanning the east–west axis of the Straits of Florida (SOF). Samples were dominated by...