Laser ablation of Ta plates using nanosecond optical vortex pulses was carried out, for the first time. It was suggested that owing to orbital angular momentum of optical vortex, clearer and smoother processed surfaces were obtained with less ablation threshold fluence, in comparison with the ablation by a nonvortex annular beam modified from a spatially Gaussian beam.

17 Introduction 18 Ovarian stimulation 20 In vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) 23 Immature sperm conception 25 Egg donation and surrogacy 28 Oocyte maturation 28 Embryo culture 30 Assisted hatching 31 Cryopreservation 32 Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) 34 Cytoplasmic donation and mitochondrial DNA (mDNA) transfer 37 Fertility preservation 39 Conclusion 41

Laser– assisted permanent hair removal iscommonly performed for the treatment of unwantedhair. This procedure is usually associated withpain and pain reduction has an important role inthe success of this treatment. A common methodof reducing pain is to use topical analgesics . Amixture of lidocaine and prilocaine (EMLA) is acommonly used and very effective topical anesthetic.Another agent is di...

Assisted hatching (AH), which is known to improve the hatching potential of mammalian embryos, has been used to increase the pregnancy rate in in vitro fertilization cycles. However, the effect of AH on a trypsin-like protease, which is known to be associated with the hatching process, has not been studied. In this study, we evaluate whether the intactness of zona pellucida affects the secretio...

Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery has grown in popularity among ophthalmologists as a novel technique with the potential to reduce phacoemulsification energy requirements.1,2 However, early adoption of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery by experienced cataract surgeons has been associated with a significant learning curve.3 Roberts et al. reported higher complication rates in...

OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to ascertain optimal assisted hatching (AH) method in frozen embryo transfer. We compared the effect of depending on whether mechanical or laser-AH was performed before or after the vitrification of embryo development rate and blastocyst cell numbers. METHODS In order to induce superovulation, pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin followed by human chorionic ...

BACKGROUND Assisted hatching (AH) in fresh embryo transfer (ET) cycles increases the implantation and pregnancy rates, especially in women with a poor prognosis, repeated implantation failures and in older women. Little information exists in the literature regarding the role of AH in frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles. METHODS Embryos were cryopreserved at the cleavage stage. On the d...

Laser assisted manufacturing methods, such as direct metal deposition (DMD) and laser beam welding (LBW), are promising methods because of their higher precision and greater productivity when compared to traditional manufacturing methods. Because these methods are relatively new, the mechanical properties of samples produced by laser assisted manufacturing are not well understood. In this study...