Recent observations of a levelling of the death rate in extreme old age, in both experimental species and humans, are posing difficult problems for evolutionary biologists, in particular about the evolution of the post-reproductive period.

Remote sensing in urban areas has been a challenger for quite some time due to their complexity and fragment with combination of man-made features and natural features. High-resolution satellite images and airborne laser altimetry data offered potential possibilities for feature extraction and spatial modelling in urban areas. Land use classification of urban areas may become possible by exploi...

‘Levelling up’ is an expression of a realignment in British politics with the Conservatives presenting themselves as new party redistribution. This not primarily concerned redistribution between social classes, or even regions, but rather targets communities that feel they have lost their centrality and standing. seemingly surprising manoeuvre facilitated by voters’ distrust politics, geography...

Airborne Laser Terrain Mapping is a proven technology for topographical surveys with accuracies equivalent to traditional land surveys. It is characterized by an automatic data capture and direct digital data processing. Since about 10 years Airborne Laser Terrain Mapping is an economical alternative to survey large and unaccessible areas, whit a short survey to product realisation time and wit...

According to wide spread use of satellite based positioning techniques, especially GPS (Global Positioning System), a greater attention has started to be paid to precise determination of geoid models with an aim to replace the geometric levelling measurements with GPS measurements during geodetic and surveying works. In this paper, geoid modelling is evaluated as a surface fitting problem accor...

Fast and accurate relative positioning for baselines less than 20 km in length is possible using dual-frequency Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. By measuring orthometric heights of a few GPS stations by di€erential levelling techniques, the geoid undulation can be modelled, which enables GPS to be used for orthometric height determination in a much faster and more economical way than ...