in this research, the statistics of daily temperature of meteorology stations for estimating the probable occurrence of the first and last frost temperature, the phonological thresholds of saffron and its flowering and irrigation dates were explored. furthermore, by applying different methods, the probabilities of the attained dates in different probability levels were fit in smada software. th...

The cyclic variations of temperature with seasons, which are accompanied by variations in photoperiod, can activate proliferation in stem cells which survive in various organs and tissues of adult vertebrates, both poikilo- (aquatic and terrestrial) and homeothermic (male songbirds and Mammals). In the brain of these organisms such stem cells are mainly placed in the ependymal and/or sub-ependy...

Field measurement results showed that approximately 40% of the annual N2O losses occurred during the non-growing season and confirmed the importance of spring and autumn periods for assessment of total N2O losses from semi-arid temperate grassland in China. In the previous study, we found that the 7.2 version of Denitrification–Decomposition (DNDC) model had significantly lower estimates of N2O...

the phytoplankton structure and dynamics were analysed in relation to abiotic variables inpaso de las piedras reservoir, argentina. phytoplankton driving forces were explored using a functionalapproach. a total of 15 functional groups were identified among which d, p, h1, f, j and c were the mostimportant. a canonical variate analysis indicated that the categorization of the species in function...

We analyzed the impact of increased water temperature on the late-season phenology of the mayfly (Baetis liebenauae). The River Gwda, unlike two other examined rivers (controls), has reservoirs along its length and thus, higher water temperature. Elevated water temperature prolonged summer diapause of the mayfly and shifted its life cycle to the later autumn: the last generation of mayflies sta...

quirement of switchgrass is N. Switchgrass usually grows in association with mycorrhizae and is a very efficient Information on optimal harvest periods and N fertilization rates user of many soil nutrients, including P (Brejda et al., for switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) grown as a biomass or bioen1998; Brejda, 2000; Muir et al., 2001). The N requireergy crop in the Midwest USA is limited. Our...

the flowering phase of apple trees is the most critical step in relation with low temperatures and frost events. therefore, forecasting the time of flowering is important. if a model can predict the exact time of flowering, it would be feasible to care for flowers agianst late spring freezing (lsf). in this study, we evaluated three temperature-base chilling models namely: chilling hours (ch), ...