This paper presents a statistical framework for recognising 2D shapes which are represented as an arrangement of curves or strokes. The approach is a hierarchical one which mixes geometric and symbolic information in a three-layer architecture. Each curve primitive is represented using a point-distribution model which describes how its shape varies over a set of training data. We assign stroke ...

In the title compound, C(16)H(11)BrO(3), the mol-ecules adopt an E configuration with respect to the C=C double bond of the propenone unit. The 13 non-H atoms of the benzodioxole and propenone units are approximately coplanar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.027 Å) and the bromo-benzene ring plane forms a dihedral angle of 10.8 (1)° to this plane. The structure is layered, with the mol-ecules forming a he...

Ideally hexagonally ordered TiO2 nanotube layers were produced through the optimized anodization of Ti substrates. The Ti substrates were firstly covered with a TiN protecting layer prepared through atomic layer deposition (ALD). Pre-texturing of the TiN-protected Ti substrate on an area of 20×20 μm2 was carried out by focused ion beam (FIB) milling, yielding uniform nanoholes with a hexagonal ...

The arrangement of neurons into distinct layers is critical for neuronal connectivity and function. During development, most neurons move from their birthplace to the appropriate layer, where they polarize. However, kinetics and modes of many neuronal translocation events still await exploration. In this study, we investigate retinal ganglion cell (RGC) translocation across the embryonic zebraf...

We examined the termination patterns of single geniculocortical axons in the striate cortex of the tree shrew by using intracellular recording and horseradish peroxidase staining methods. Axons were classified by whether they responded to light onset (ON center) or light offset (OFF center) and whether they were driven by the ipsi- or contralateral eye. Afferents with ON-center responses end in...

The three-dimensional structures of the crystalline surface layers of two species of Eubacteria have been determined by electron microscopy and computerized image processing. The S-layer of Eubacterium sp. ES4C has tetragonal symmetry, with a unit cell spacing of 10.6 nm and a thickness of 9.5 nm, while that of Eubacterium sp. AHN 990 has hexagonal symmetry a = b = 15.7 nm and a thickness of 13...

A procedure has been developed for isolating and negatively staining vertebrate skeletal muscle thick filaments that preserves the arrangement of the myosin crossbridges. Electron micrographs of these filaments showed a clear periodicity associated with crossbridges with an axial repeat of 42.9 nm. Optical diffraction patterns of these images showed clear layer lines and were qualitatively simi...

This chapter deals with the designing strategy and process integration for a small On-ChipAntenna (OCA) with a small Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag on a chip-area 0.64 x 0.64 mm at 2.45 GHz for communication in near field. On the other hand, communication between Reader device and set of OCA-Tag is based on inductive coupling. Embedded antenna is an important step down into the route...

Three types of intelligent puzzle, a three-dimensional Escher puzzle (3DES), a 3D jigsaw puzzle (3DJG) and a color matching cubocatahedron puzzle (CUB), are developed by layer manufacturing. Each puzzle contains a common packing problem. Furthermore, there exist two important mechanisms, the rotation of CUB and the translation of 3DJG. 3DES is obtained on the basis of periodic arrangement of ic...