Feedback on learning strategies is a promising instructional support measure. However, research on the expertise reversal effect suggests that if instructional support measures are provided to expert learners, these learners would have to integrate and cross-reference redundant instructional guidance with available knowledge structures, resulting in less available resources for effective learni...

This study was an attempt to provide a comprehensive model for summary writing based on the model of Van Dijk’s concept of macrostructures. The effectiveness of the model was examined in a genre-based quasi-experimental study with the data collection procedure lasting a semester. The participants included 60 female English learners divided into two experimental and control groups. The results o...

Reading ability is a vital ability for English learners, therefore, how to improve students’ reading ability has been drawing teachers’ attention. Schema has been found the basis for cognition and information processing originates from it. This paper discusses schema theory and analyzes the relations among the three types of schema and reading.

The present study explored the sensitivity to stress patterns of sixty-four ninthgraders learning to speak and read in Korean as a first language (L1) and English as a second language (L2) concurrently. Students’ productive stress processing abilities were assessed in reading Korean real words, English unfamiliar real words, and English pseudowords. Results unveiled that the Korean-speaking Eng...

In this work, a methodology for classifying emotions (such as happiness, anger and surprise) based on face images is proposed. This methodology consist of three stages: in the pre-processing stage, edge detectors and threshold algorithms are used in order to find edge information about ROIs; in the second stage (feature extraction) numeric information of pre-processing images is extracted via i...

In recent years, the concept of ‘inclusiveness’ in teaching, learning and assessment has become increasingly acknowledged. Inclusive education, as a philosophy, addresses the fact that many learners, of all ages, experience barriers to learning and education because education systems are often explicitly geared towards those possessing favoured (and often ‘traditional’) ways of learning. Among ...

The ability to discriminate phonetically similar speech sounds is evident quite early in development. However, inexperienced word learners do not always use this information in processing word meanings [Stager & Werker (1997). Nature, 388, 381-382]. The present study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine developmental changes from 14 to 20 months in brain activity important in process...

The aim of the present study was to examine the contributions of different brain structures to prototype- and exemplar-based category learning using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Twenty-eight subjects performed a categorization task in which they had to assign prototypes and exceptions to two different families. This test procedure usually produces different learning curves for ...

at the beginning of the present century, problems such as education of mentally retarded children, classification and placement of job applicants in industrial and military organizations, and students selection, gave impetus to the development of intelligence tests and the formulation of theories of intelligence. for many years factorial theories of intelligence dominated the field, but piaget&...