Over the years, the hot air solder leveling (HASL) process has been established as a primary surface finish for circuit boards. It still remains the most solderable, and arguably the most durable, surface finish. Recent developments in PCB manufacturing have highlighted some problems with these finishes, creating an urgent need for solderable, durable, and inexpensive alternative surface finish...

Introduction: orthodontic tooth alignment and leveling are usually the first two stages when an orthodontic treatment is to be initiated. The process of alignment is accomplished by uncontrolled tipping of teeth into a smooth arch and the process of leveling is accomplished by intrusion or extrusion of the teeth so that the upper and lower teeth come together. The aim of this study was to find ...

We describe herein the synthesis and characterization of ruthenium complexes with multifunctional bipyridyl diphosphonate ligands as well as initial water oxidation studies. In these complexes, the phosphonate groups provide redox-potential leveling through charge compensation and σ donation to allow facile access to high oxidation states. These complexes display unique pH-dependent electrochem...

This paper presents a case study of an implementation of a new method for Production Leveling designed for batch production. It includes prioritizing criteria of products and level production plan. Moreover, it was applied on a subsidiary of a multinational enterprise located on Brazil, which manufacturing processes comprise batch production in a make-to-stock policy. Regarding a qualitative as...

It is common knowledge that the alignment condition of rotating machinery affects the equipment's vibration levels and long term reliability, but there is little quantitative information relating the amount of misalignment to the degrading affects of misalignment. Many earlier publications state two reasons for performing precision alignments: 1. improved electrical efficiency and 2. reduced ma...

Background The choice of footwear and custom modification of footwear in fast bowling in cricket lacks biomechanical and clinical evidence. This demonstrates that despite professional advice being available, elite fast bowlers continue to wear shoes that may not be appropriate for them. The aim of this study was to investigate the biomechanical effects of three cricket shoes commonly used by fa...

This little volume was not_ meant to be a cram book, nor in any way a substitute for a textbook on the subject, but was written as a practical guide to nurses, dressers, house surgeons, and general practitioners. It fulfils! its function; admirably. Probably the most useful part of this very useful little book is the three tables which will be found in an envelope at the end of the book; they a...

The control system of laser leveling machine was redesigned and tested to improve the performance and decrease the cost. In this paper, the control system of the machine which contains transmitter, receiver and controller was introduced. The receiver had silicon photoelements as photoelectric sensors. A kind of light filter was designed which was composed of red color optical glass and interfer...