BACKGROUND Cardiac disease is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in the United Kingdom. Even minor changes in thyroid hormone concentration may impact adversely on the cardiovascular system. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) after admission for an acute cardiac problem has been associated with an increase in cardiac mortality and overall death. We have designed protocols for a pros...

Thyroid ectopia (TE) is an embryological aberration of the thyroid gland migration most commonly observed in the lingual region followed by the sublingual, hyoid, and mediastinal regions. TE is often complicated by local compressive symptoms resulting in dysphagia, dysphonia, and dyspnea. Surgical removal of TE is frequently complicated by difficulties in intubation, increased perioperative ble...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to document practices in managing hypothyroidism among doctors in New Delhi, with special focus on subclinical hypothyroidism, pregnancy, and old age, and to compare it with global practices. METHODS During an academic program attended by 394 doctors, all participants were given a questionnaire designed based on thyroid practices survey done by Burch et al. to eval...

thyrotoxicosis is a condition in which tissues are stimulated by increased secretion of thyroid hormone. the most common cause is diffuse toxic goiter and toxic multi-nodular goiter. for more reviews on this disease, the effects of hyperthyroidism on liver enzyme levels were studied. a total of 30 adult male wistar rats weighing about 190 g were purchased from the pasteur institute of iran. in ...

Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with a number of complications including thyroid disease. In this study, the prevalence of thyroid disease was evaluated in Japanese women with TS. The medical charts of 65 TS women (age 30+/-9 years old, range: 15-61), treated with estrogen replacement therapy or with antiosteoporotic pharmaceuticals at our outpatient clinic, were reviewed. History of thyroid...

BACKGROUND Diagnostic re-evaluation is important for all patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) for determining the etiology and identifying transient CH cases. Our study is a first thyroxine therapy withdrawal study conducted in Macedonian CH patients for a diagnostic re-evaluation. We aimed to evaluate the etiology of CH, the prevalence of transient CH and identify predictive factors fo...

Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PAS) type 3 consists of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) coexisting with ≥1 non-thyroidal autoimmune disease (NTAID) other than Addison's disease and hypoparathyroidism. We evaluated the prevalence and repertoire of thyroid hormones antibodies (THAb) in PAS-3 patients. Using a radioimmunoprecipation technique, we measured THAb (T3IgM, T3IgG, T4IgM, and T4IgG)...

Background: Suboptimal thyroid hormone replacement is common in patients with hypothyroidism and the behavioural factors underlying this are poorly understood. Aim: To explore the attitudes and perceptions of patients to thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Design & setting: An in-depth qualitative interview study with patients with hypothyroidism residing in Northumberland, and Tyne and Wear, ...

Levothyroxine tablet overdose, can happen in children, because of unique physical nature the tablet. Although it has a benign course, systemic symptoms overdose may manifest few children. This cannot be predicted based on dose consumed or by thyroid function tests. Propranolol and steroid used for autonomic symptoms. Delayed manifestation occur, which needs follow up. In this report, we present...

INTRODUCTION Medication changes involving levothyroxine-either dose titrations or switching formulations-occur frequently in patients with erratic thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and persistent hypothyroid symptoms. We investigated whether switching patients from levothyroxine tablets to a gel cap formulation of levothyroxine might reduce dose adjustments and improve tolerability and e...