In this paper, we experiment with several techniques to solve the problem of lexical substitution, both in a lexical sample as well as an all-words setting, and compare the benefits of combining multiple lexical resources using both unsupervised and supervised approaches. Overall in the lexical sample setting, the results obtained through the combination of several resources exceed the current ...

In this paper, I shall discuss a peculiar coordination construction in German, where the shared subject of two conjuncts is not found peripheral, but contained within first conjunct. Following Höhle (1983), called “Subject Gaps Finite/Fronted” clauses (SGF). previous accounts, both symmetric approaches (Frank, 2002; Kathol, 1999), as well asymmetric adjunction (Büring & Hartmann, 1998). The...

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This paper discusses our system’s results at the Spanish Question Answering task of CLEF 2007. Our system is centered in a full data-driven approach that combines information retrieval and machine learning techniques. It mainly relies on the use of lexical information and avoids any complex language processing procedure. Evaluation results indicate that this approach is very effective for answe...

A method for automatic lexical acquisition is out lined. An existing lexicon that, in addition Io ordinary ]exical entries, contains prototypical cntrips for various non-exclusive paradigms of open-cl~,.ss words, is extended by inferring new lexical entries from texts containing unknown words. This is done by comparing the constraints placed on the unknown words hy the natural language system's...

According to recent work in the new field of lexical pragmatics, the meanings of words are frequently pragmatically adjusted and fine-tuned in context, so that their contribution to the proposition expressed is different from their lexically encoded sense. Well-known examples include lexical narrowing (e.g. ‘drink’ used to mean ALCOHOLIC DRINK), approximation (or loosening) (e.g. ‘flat’ used to...

The textual entailment problem is to determine if a given text entails a given hypothesis. This paper describes first a general generative probabilistic setting for textual entailment. We then focus on the sub-task of recognizing whether the lexical concepts present in the hypothesis are entailed from the text. This problem is recast as one of text cate-gorization in which the classes are the v...

In this paper, we describe an item-familiarity account of the semi-productivity of morphological and lexical rules, and illustrate how it can be applied to practical issues which arise when building large scale lexical knowledge bases which utilize lexical rules. Our approach assumes that attested uses of derived words and senses are explicitly recorded, but that productive use of lexical rules...

Interpretation of natural language is inherently context-sensitive. Most words in natural language are ambiguous and their meanings are heavily dependent on the linguistic context in which they are used. The study of lexical semantics can not be separated from the notion of context. This paper takes a contextual approach to lexical semantics and studies the linguistic context of lexical atoms, ...