In several families, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) has been found in association with cutaneous lichen amyloidosis. It has been debated, however, whether the skin amyloidosis found in MEN 2A families, localized exclusively in the interscapular area, represents the same anomaly as that found in autosomal dominant familial cutaneous lichen amyloidosis, which is more generalized. W...

background: proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna) is a nuclear protein synthesized in the late g1 and s-phase of the cell cycle. detection of this protein represents a useful marker of the proliferation status of lesions. this study has been carried out to evaluate the cell proliferation rate in oral lichen planus (olp) and comparison between plaque and erosive lichen planus, which indicate...

Lichen planus is an inflammatory skin conditionwith characteristic histopathological findings thathas many clinical variants. Recently, there have been25 cases reported in the literature of lichen planuspigmentosus (LPPi) that preceded the developmentof frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA), which is a variantof lichen planopilaris (LPP). We review the literatureregarding LPPi, LPP, and FFA and pres...

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common inflammatory disease with unknown etiology. Depression, stress and anxiety are psychological factors that their influence on the expression of lichen planus by affecting the immune system's function has been confirmed. There is a probable relationship between anger and OLP expression. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the association of "anger" ...

Epiphytic macrolichen communities were compared among forest stand types in the Blue River watershed of western Oregon. Stand types were defined by stand structure, according to age classes of the younger tree cohort and remnant tree retention. Remnant trees were those in an older cohort that remained following a stand disturbance that initiated tree regeneration, such as a timber harvest or na...

We report on spectral reflectance measurements of basaltic lava flows on Tenerife Island, Spain. Lava flow surfaces of different ages, surface roughness and elevations were systematically measured using a field spectroradiometer operating in the range of 350–2500 nm. Surface roughness, oxidation and lichen coverage were documented at each measured site. Spectral properties vary with age and mor...

Lichen planus is a mucocutaneous disease, predominantly affecting the middle-aged individuals and may be associated with a plethora of signs and symptoms related to the skin, scalp, nails and mucous membranes. The definitive etiology of lichen planus is not yet known and no therapeutic modality has yet been universally accepted. Lichen planus in pediatric patients is a rare phenomenon and its p...

FDG: fluorodeoxyglucose LPP: lichen planopilaris PET-CT: positron emission tomographye computed tomography PD-1: programmed cell death receptor 1 P embrolizumab, a programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) inhibitor, has been used effectively for treatment of metastatic melanoma. Reported cutaneous adverse events ascribed to PD-1 inhibitors include lichenoid reactions such as lichen planus of the...

background and aims. oral lichen planus is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa with malignant potential, pathogenesis of which is not still well known. free radicals and reactive oxygen species can play an important role in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. the aim of this study was to investigate salivary oxidative stress and antioxidant systems in patients with oral...

Lichen nitidus is an uncommon idiopathic chronic dermatosis characterized by minute, flesh-colored or hypopigmented, shiny papules commonly occurring on the abdomen, chest, genitalia, and extremities. The disorder is most often localized but, rarely, can become extensive or generalized. The occurrence of lichen nitidus during infancy is extremely rare. A perusal of the English literature reveal...