The number of people living with disabilities worldwide is rapidly growing due to a longer life expectancy and the subsequent increasing burden of chronic diseases. The need of developing and implementing effective strategies aimed at delaying or preventing disability has been repeatedly underlined and is currently the main focus of several health-care policies. In this scenario, a special atte...

Demographic, socioeconomic, seasonal, and scheduling factors affect the allocation of time to various activities. This paper examines those variables through exploration of the 1990 Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey, which has been inverted to track activity duration. Two key issues are considered. First, how much can activity duration and frequency explain travel duration? The analysis...

The PI3K pathway is frequently activated in tumors, most commonly through p110α mutation or PTEN deletion. In contrast to p110α, p110β is oncogenic when over-expressed in the wild-type state, suggesting that its regulation by p85 is different than that of p110α. In this perspective, we summarize recent data concerning the regulation of p110β, which shows that wild-type p110β acts like an oncoge...

Background: Renal failure is a chronic disease that can have serious effects on patients’ quality of life (QoL). Objective: Gender, age, education and marital status were investigated in end-stage renal disease patients. Specifically, the relationship of QoL and mental health to sociodemographic variables was examined. Methodology: 144 patients in-centre haemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambula...

I enjoyed reading Dr. Steinberg’s editorial “Wellness in Every Stage of Life: A New Paradigm for Public Health Programs” (1) and the related articles in the January 2007 issue. We face many challenges in conceptualizing wellness because the term has different meanings for different people. To reach a common understanding of wellness, we could begin by using Antonovsky’s salutogenesis work (24) ...

—A 90-d ammonia toxicity test for early life stage rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss was conducted using newly fertilized eggs from a wild strain of fish. The toxicity test was conducted at a pH of 7.75 and temperature of 11.48C. Hatch success and survival of sac fry were not affected by ammonia exposure. Survival, growth, and biomass of swim-up fry were significantly reduced at an ammonia-nitr...

Scientists, for a variety of reasons, need to carry out in vivo research. Since experiments that require the use of adult animals pose various logistical, economical and ethical issues, the use of embryonic and larval forms of some organisms are potentially attractive alternatives. Early life stages are appealing because, in general, large numbers of individuals can be maintained in relatively ...

Individuals store energy to balance deficits in natural cycles; however, unnatural events can also lead to unbalanced energy budgets. Entanglement in fishing gear is one example of an unnatural but relatively common circumstance that imposes energetic demands of a similar order of magnitude and duration of life-history events such as migration and pregnancy in large whales. We present two compl...

Background Considering risks to infants and children as part of risk assessments are of primary importance to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). In 1995, EPA issued a policy for “Evaluating Health Risks to Children” (U.S. EPA, 1995), to ensure that risks to infants and children are consistently and explicitly a part of risk assessments conducted in support of the decision making pr...

This paper introduces a new industrial innovation life cycle for organizations to understand the changes of their operational environment and adjust their strategic settings. The construction of the new innovation life cycle is based on two building blocks: (1) “innovation trinity”, which means that a common denominator of innovation is constituted by product, process, and business innovation, ...