A method for the solvent-free photocatalytic conversion of solid and liquid substrates was developed, using a novel rod mill apparatus. In this setup, thin liquid films are realized which is crucial for an effective photocatalytic conversion due to the low penetration depth of light in heterogeneous systems. Several benzylic alcohols were oxidized with riboflavin tetraacetate as photocatalyst u...

We have used the formation of a bio-probe stack with up to 24 steps on gold nanoparticle and continuous gold surfaces to characterize the penetration depth of the plasmon field in a non-invasive manner by only involving biomolecules from standard bio-assays. An alternating anti-goat rabbit IgG and anti-rabbit IgG bio-probe stack is polymerized on protein A/G functionalized gold surfaces. The ch...

The response of multi-layered ceramic/steel targets to high velocity impact and penetration has been investigated through experiments and finite element simulations. Damage quantification and the material stresses and velocity histories provided by experiments are used as constraints to be satisfied by numerical simulations of the ballistic penetration event. Experimental and numerical observat...

Tissue that is damaged and poorly oxygenated as a result of swelling, trauma or inflammation has been shown to have a positive response to laser therapy irradiation. Deep penetrating photons activate a biochemical cascade of events leading to rapid cellular regeneration, normalization and healing. Laser light energy is highly absorbed by skin and subcutaneous tissue, therefore, penetration is k...

Hierarchical composite materials design in biological exoskeletons achieves penetration resistance through a variety of energy-dissipating mechanisms while simultaneously balancing the need for damage localization to avoid compromising the mechanical integrity of the entire structure and to maintain multi-hit capability. Here, we show that the shell of the bivalve Placuna placenta (~99 wt% calc...

Full-field optical coherence microscopy (FFOCM) is an interferometric technique for obtaining wide-field microscopic images deep within scattering biological samples. FFOCM has primarily been implemented in the 0.8 mum wavelength range with silicon-based cameras, which may limit penetration when imaging human tissue. In this paper, we demonstrate FFOCM at the wavelength range of 0.9 - 1.4 mum, ...

The first signs of mobile commerce hype are here. Extremely rapid penetration and growth processes are predicted on the basis of some quick descriptions of mobile technology. The roots of these predictions are often found in markets with a low penetration rate of mobile technology. Nevertheless, it should be clear that without real substance in m-commerce products and services the investments i...

This paper gives an overview on the potentials of numerical simulations for understanding dynamics in laser material processing. After a short introduction into the model, simulation results on several processes like laser beam deep penetration welding, drilling or cutting are presented. Furthermore simulation results are compared with experimentally obtained data.