In this section, we discuss why Lazy-Merge, a nonstandard merging format, is advantageous, in terms of a better run-time, over the standard format. We support this advantage using experimental results obtained from applying our standard to a real-time application, and later, we present its applicability to a general case. We considered merging e-mail lists to show that LazyMerge has an advantag...

The current concerns hypothesis suggests that directing attention towards unfulfilled plans of the individual prior to a task would result in more off-task thoughts (or mind wandering). In this experiment, participants were asked to read a scientific text and self-report instances of mind wandering by indicating when they were experiencing task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) or task-related interfer...

In parallel and distributed computing, development of an efficient static task scheduling algorithm for directed acyclic graph (DAG) applications is an important problem. The static task scheduling problem is NP-complete in its general form. The complexity of the problem increases when task scheduling is to be done in a heterogeneous environment, consisting of processors with varying processing...

Stroop interference is attenuated in mostly incongruent lists, as compared with mostly congruent ones. This finding is referred to as the list-wide proportion congruence effect. The traditional interpretation refers to the strategic biasing of attention via list-wide control. In mostly incongruent lists, attention is biased away from the irrelevant words, whereas in mostly congruent lists, word...

This paper examines the notion of recommendation independence, which is a constraint that a recommendation result is independent from specific information. This constraint is useful in ensuring adherence to laws and regulations, fair treatment of content providers, and exclusion of unwanted information. For example, to make a job-matching recommendation socially fair, the matching should be ind...

The authors provide evidence that long-term memory encoding can occur for briefly viewed objects in a rapid serial visual presentation list, contrary to claims that the brief presentation and quick succession of objects prevent encoding by disrupting a memory consolidation process that requires hundreds of milliseconds of uninterrupted processing. Subjects performed a search task in which each ...

Two experiments of visual search for a word within a list were designed. The goal was to assess the effects of the presence in the list of words either visually similar or semantically related to the target word. In experiment 1 (“literal” task), the participants were shown the target word in advance. In experiment 2 (“semantic” task), the target word was defined by a semantic clue. In the “lit...

We present an algorithm for scheduling precedence constrained parallel tasks on multiprocessors with noncontiguous processor allocation. The algorithm is called LLHm (Level-by-level and List scheduling using the Harmonic system partitioning scheme), where m ≥ 1 is a positive integer, which is a parameter for the harmonic system partitioning scheme. Three basic techniques are employed in algorit...

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was assessed during a verbal recall task using [(15)O]water positron emission tomography (PET) in older adults with mild cognitive deficits participating in a placebo-controlled donepezil trial. The placebo group demonstrated reduced CBF in the left frontal and temporal regions over the 6-month period, while those receiving donepezil did not. The placebo group's perfor...